Cargando…

Single Channel Image Enhancement (SCIE) of White Blood Cells Based on Virtual Hexagonal Filter (VHF) Designed over Square Trellis

White blood cells (WBCs) are the important constituent of a blood cell. These blood cells are responsible for defending the body against infections. Abnormalities identified in WBC smears lead to the diagnosis of disease types such as leukocytosis, hepatitis, and immune system disorders. Digital ima...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rasheed, Shahid, Raza, Mudassar, Sharif, Muhammad, Kadry, Seifedine, Alharbi, Abdullah
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9410214/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36013181
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081232
_version_ 1784775039871090688
author Rasheed, Shahid
Raza, Mudassar
Sharif, Muhammad
Kadry, Seifedine
Alharbi, Abdullah
author_facet Rasheed, Shahid
Raza, Mudassar
Sharif, Muhammad
Kadry, Seifedine
Alharbi, Abdullah
author_sort Rasheed, Shahid
collection PubMed
description White blood cells (WBCs) are the important constituent of a blood cell. These blood cells are responsible for defending the body against infections. Abnormalities identified in WBC smears lead to the diagnosis of disease types such as leukocytosis, hepatitis, and immune system disorders. Digital image analysis for infection detection at an early stage can help fast and precise diagnosis, as compared to manual inspection. Sometimes, acquired blood cell smear images from an L2-type microscope are of very low quality. The manual handling, haziness, and dark areas of the image become problematic for an efficient and accurate diagnosis. Therefore, WBC image enhancement needs attention for an effective diagnosis of the disease. This paper proposed a novel virtual hexagonal trellis (VHT)-based image filtering method for WBC image enhancement and contrast adjustment. In this method, a filter named the virtual hexagonal filter (VHF), of size 3 × 3, and based on a hexagonal structure, is formulated by using the concept of the interpolation of real and square grid pixels. This filter is convolved with WBC ALL-IBD images for enhancement and contrast adjustment. The proposed filter improves the results both visually and statically. A comparison with existing image enhancement approaches proves the validity of the proposed work.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9410214
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-94102142022-08-26 Single Channel Image Enhancement (SCIE) of White Blood Cells Based on Virtual Hexagonal Filter (VHF) Designed over Square Trellis Rasheed, Shahid Raza, Mudassar Sharif, Muhammad Kadry, Seifedine Alharbi, Abdullah J Pers Med Article White blood cells (WBCs) are the important constituent of a blood cell. These blood cells are responsible for defending the body against infections. Abnormalities identified in WBC smears lead to the diagnosis of disease types such as leukocytosis, hepatitis, and immune system disorders. Digital image analysis for infection detection at an early stage can help fast and precise diagnosis, as compared to manual inspection. Sometimes, acquired blood cell smear images from an L2-type microscope are of very low quality. The manual handling, haziness, and dark areas of the image become problematic for an efficient and accurate diagnosis. Therefore, WBC image enhancement needs attention for an effective diagnosis of the disease. This paper proposed a novel virtual hexagonal trellis (VHT)-based image filtering method for WBC image enhancement and contrast adjustment. In this method, a filter named the virtual hexagonal filter (VHF), of size 3 × 3, and based on a hexagonal structure, is formulated by using the concept of the interpolation of real and square grid pixels. This filter is convolved with WBC ALL-IBD images for enhancement and contrast adjustment. The proposed filter improves the results both visually and statically. A comparison with existing image enhancement approaches proves the validity of the proposed work. MDPI 2022-07-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9410214/ /pubmed/36013181 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081232 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rasheed, Shahid
Raza, Mudassar
Sharif, Muhammad
Kadry, Seifedine
Alharbi, Abdullah
Single Channel Image Enhancement (SCIE) of White Blood Cells Based on Virtual Hexagonal Filter (VHF) Designed over Square Trellis
title Single Channel Image Enhancement (SCIE) of White Blood Cells Based on Virtual Hexagonal Filter (VHF) Designed over Square Trellis
title_full Single Channel Image Enhancement (SCIE) of White Blood Cells Based on Virtual Hexagonal Filter (VHF) Designed over Square Trellis
title_fullStr Single Channel Image Enhancement (SCIE) of White Blood Cells Based on Virtual Hexagonal Filter (VHF) Designed over Square Trellis
title_full_unstemmed Single Channel Image Enhancement (SCIE) of White Blood Cells Based on Virtual Hexagonal Filter (VHF) Designed over Square Trellis
title_short Single Channel Image Enhancement (SCIE) of White Blood Cells Based on Virtual Hexagonal Filter (VHF) Designed over Square Trellis
title_sort single channel image enhancement (scie) of white blood cells based on virtual hexagonal filter (vhf) designed over square trellis
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9410214/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36013181
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081232
work_keys_str_mv AT rasheedshahid singlechannelimageenhancementscieofwhitebloodcellsbasedonvirtualhexagonalfiltervhfdesignedoversquaretrellis
AT razamudassar singlechannelimageenhancementscieofwhitebloodcellsbasedonvirtualhexagonalfiltervhfdesignedoversquaretrellis
AT sharifmuhammad singlechannelimageenhancementscieofwhitebloodcellsbasedonvirtualhexagonalfiltervhfdesignedoversquaretrellis
AT kadryseifedine singlechannelimageenhancementscieofwhitebloodcellsbasedonvirtualhexagonalfiltervhfdesignedoversquaretrellis
AT alharbiabdullah singlechannelimageenhancementscieofwhitebloodcellsbasedonvirtualhexagonalfiltervhfdesignedoversquaretrellis