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Probiotics and Gut Microbiota in Obesity: Myths and Realities of a New Health Revolution

Obesity and its comorbidities are humans’ most prevalent cardio-metabolic diseases worldwide. Recent evidence has shown that chronic low-grade inflammation is a common feature in all highly prevalent chronic degenerative diseases. In this sense, the gut microbiota is a complete ecosystem involved in...

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Autores principales: León Aguilera, Xavier Eugenio, Manzano, Alexander, Pirela, Daniela, Bermúdez, Valmore
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9410237/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36013231
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081282
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author León Aguilera, Xavier Eugenio
Manzano, Alexander
Pirela, Daniela
Bermúdez, Valmore
author_facet León Aguilera, Xavier Eugenio
Manzano, Alexander
Pirela, Daniela
Bermúdez, Valmore
author_sort León Aguilera, Xavier Eugenio
collection PubMed
description Obesity and its comorbidities are humans’ most prevalent cardio-metabolic diseases worldwide. Recent evidence has shown that chronic low-grade inflammation is a common feature in all highly prevalent chronic degenerative diseases. In this sense, the gut microbiota is a complete ecosystem involved in different processes like vitamin synthesis, metabolism regulation, and both appetite and immune system control. Thus, dysbiosis has been recognised as one of the many factors associated with obesity due to a predominance of Firmicutes, a decrease in Bifidobacterium in the gut, and a consequent short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) synthesis reduction leading to a reduction in incretins action and intestinal permeability increase. In this context, bacteria, bacterial endotoxins, and toxic bacterial by-products are translocated to the bloodstream, leading to systemic inflammation. This review focuses on gut microbiota composition and its role in obesity, as well as probiotics and prebiotics benefits in obesity.
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spelling pubmed-94102372022-08-26 Probiotics and Gut Microbiota in Obesity: Myths and Realities of a New Health Revolution León Aguilera, Xavier Eugenio Manzano, Alexander Pirela, Daniela Bermúdez, Valmore J Pers Med Review Obesity and its comorbidities are humans’ most prevalent cardio-metabolic diseases worldwide. Recent evidence has shown that chronic low-grade inflammation is a common feature in all highly prevalent chronic degenerative diseases. In this sense, the gut microbiota is a complete ecosystem involved in different processes like vitamin synthesis, metabolism regulation, and both appetite and immune system control. Thus, dysbiosis has been recognised as one of the many factors associated with obesity due to a predominance of Firmicutes, a decrease in Bifidobacterium in the gut, and a consequent short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) synthesis reduction leading to a reduction in incretins action and intestinal permeability increase. In this context, bacteria, bacterial endotoxins, and toxic bacterial by-products are translocated to the bloodstream, leading to systemic inflammation. This review focuses on gut microbiota composition and its role in obesity, as well as probiotics and prebiotics benefits in obesity. MDPI 2022-08-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9410237/ /pubmed/36013231 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081282 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
León Aguilera, Xavier Eugenio
Manzano, Alexander
Pirela, Daniela
Bermúdez, Valmore
Probiotics and Gut Microbiota in Obesity: Myths and Realities of a New Health Revolution
title Probiotics and Gut Microbiota in Obesity: Myths and Realities of a New Health Revolution
title_full Probiotics and Gut Microbiota in Obesity: Myths and Realities of a New Health Revolution
title_fullStr Probiotics and Gut Microbiota in Obesity: Myths and Realities of a New Health Revolution
title_full_unstemmed Probiotics and Gut Microbiota in Obesity: Myths and Realities of a New Health Revolution
title_short Probiotics and Gut Microbiota in Obesity: Myths and Realities of a New Health Revolution
title_sort probiotics and gut microbiota in obesity: myths and realities of a new health revolution
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9410237/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36013231
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081282
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