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An interplay between cellular growth and atypical fusion defines morphogenesis of a modular glial niche in Drosophila

Neural stem cells (NSCs) live in an intricate cellular microenvironment supporting their activity, the niche. Whilst shape and function are inseparable, the morphogenetic aspects of niche development are poorly understood. Here, we use the formation of a glial niche to investigate acquisition of arc...

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Autores principales: Rujano, Maria Alexandra, Briand, David, Ðelić, Bojana, Marc, Julie, Spéder, Pauline
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9411534/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36008397
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32685-3
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author Rujano, Maria Alexandra
Briand, David
Ðelić, Bojana
Marc, Julie
Spéder, Pauline
author_facet Rujano, Maria Alexandra
Briand, David
Ðelić, Bojana
Marc, Julie
Spéder, Pauline
author_sort Rujano, Maria Alexandra
collection PubMed
description Neural stem cells (NSCs) live in an intricate cellular microenvironment supporting their activity, the niche. Whilst shape and function are inseparable, the morphogenetic aspects of niche development are poorly understood. Here, we use the formation of a glial niche to investigate acquisition of architectural complexity. Cortex glia (CG) in Drosophila regulate neurogenesis and build a reticular structure around NSCs. We first show that individual CG cells grow tremendously to ensheath several NSC lineages, employing elaborate proliferative mechanisms which convert these cells into syncytia rich in cytoplasmic bridges. CG syncytia further undergo homotypic cell–cell fusion, using defined cell surface receptors and actin regulators. Cellular exchange is however dynamic in space and time. This atypical cell fusion remodels cellular borders, restructuring the CG syncytia. Ultimately, combined growth and fusion builds the multi-level architecture of the niche, and creates a modular, spatial partition of the NSC population. Our findings provide insights into how a niche forms and organises while developing intimate contacts with a stem cell population.
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spelling pubmed-94115342022-08-27 An interplay between cellular growth and atypical fusion defines morphogenesis of a modular glial niche in Drosophila Rujano, Maria Alexandra Briand, David Ðelić, Bojana Marc, Julie Spéder, Pauline Nat Commun Article Neural stem cells (NSCs) live in an intricate cellular microenvironment supporting their activity, the niche. Whilst shape and function are inseparable, the morphogenetic aspects of niche development are poorly understood. Here, we use the formation of a glial niche to investigate acquisition of architectural complexity. Cortex glia (CG) in Drosophila regulate neurogenesis and build a reticular structure around NSCs. We first show that individual CG cells grow tremendously to ensheath several NSC lineages, employing elaborate proliferative mechanisms which convert these cells into syncytia rich in cytoplasmic bridges. CG syncytia further undergo homotypic cell–cell fusion, using defined cell surface receptors and actin regulators. Cellular exchange is however dynamic in space and time. This atypical cell fusion remodels cellular borders, restructuring the CG syncytia. Ultimately, combined growth and fusion builds the multi-level architecture of the niche, and creates a modular, spatial partition of the NSC population. Our findings provide insights into how a niche forms and organises while developing intimate contacts with a stem cell population. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9411534/ /pubmed/36008397 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32685-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Rujano, Maria Alexandra
Briand, David
Ðelić, Bojana
Marc, Julie
Spéder, Pauline
An interplay between cellular growth and atypical fusion defines morphogenesis of a modular glial niche in Drosophila
title An interplay between cellular growth and atypical fusion defines morphogenesis of a modular glial niche in Drosophila
title_full An interplay between cellular growth and atypical fusion defines morphogenesis of a modular glial niche in Drosophila
title_fullStr An interplay between cellular growth and atypical fusion defines morphogenesis of a modular glial niche in Drosophila
title_full_unstemmed An interplay between cellular growth and atypical fusion defines morphogenesis of a modular glial niche in Drosophila
title_short An interplay between cellular growth and atypical fusion defines morphogenesis of a modular glial niche in Drosophila
title_sort interplay between cellular growth and atypical fusion defines morphogenesis of a modular glial niche in drosophila
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9411534/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36008397
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32685-3
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