Primary clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina not associated with diethylstilbestrol: A case report

Primary vaginal cancers are rare and clear cell adenocarcinoma is a malignant tumor that is all the more rare when the woman has not been exposed in utero to synthetic diethylstilboestrol (DES). We report the case of a 60-year-old woman with a history of balanced essential hypertension and partial mastectomy for neoplasia, who presented with a recurrent left inguinal adenopathy. Clinical examination revealed a 3 cm bulging lesion of the anterior vaginal wall in the lower third with indurated left inguinal adenopathy. Biopsy of the nodule showed an invasive clear cell adenocarcinoma. The extension bialn is negative and the multidisciplinary decision is to perform a partial colpectomy with bilateral inguinal curage. The patient is currently undergoing radiochemotherapy. This is a rare case with a poor prognosis. A poor response to adjuvant therapy with a high frequency of distant metastases is reported in the literature. Due to the rarity of this pathology, individual experience based on case reports is the main source of information. The most effective mode of treatment therefore remains unknown and depends on patient-specific factors such as tumor size, surgeon and oncologist team experiences.