Photobiomodulation Treatment in Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis in Young Haematological Patients—A Pilot Study

Background and Objectives: One of the most debilitating side effects of chemotherapy is oral mucositis (OM). Photobiomodulation (PBM) demonstrates high efficacy in the management of OM. The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence of oral mucositis and evaluation of the effectiveness of PBM therapy. Materials and Methods: A total of 23 children diagnosed with leukaemia or lymphoma affected by chemotherapy-induced OM were enrolled in the study. OM grade was assessed with the World Health Organization (WHO) scale. Patients completed an approved questionnaire, and blood cell counts were read every 2 days. OM lesions were treated with class IV laser therapy with a frequency of every 48 h and density of 2, 4, 8, 16 or 30 J/cm(2). The level of pain was measured with VAS scale. Results: The 23 patients developed a total of 41 OM episodes with a mean duration of 7.61 days ± 4.70. Laser therapy showed a great reduction regarding pain and a better function of patients even with neutropenia. Conclusions: Oral mucositis represents a significant burden to children. PBM brings positive aspects for patients; however, the optimal treatment parameters require further study.