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Efficacy of Off-Label Anti-Amoebic Agents to Suppress Trophozoite Formation of Acanthamoeba spp. on Non-Nutrient Agar Escherichia Coli Plates

Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a dangerous infectious disease, which is associated with a high risk of blindness for the infected patient, and for which no standard therapy exists thus far. Patients suffering from AK are thus treated, out of necessity, with an off-label therapy, using drugs designed...

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Autores principales: Muthukumar, Vithusan, Shi, Lei, Chai, Ning, Langenbucher, Achim, Becker, Sören L., Seitz, Berthold, Orosz, Erika, Stachon, Tanja, Kiderlen, Albrecht F., Bischoff, Markus, Szentmáry, Nóra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9412465/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36014060
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10081642
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author Muthukumar, Vithusan
Shi, Lei
Chai, Ning
Langenbucher, Achim
Becker, Sören L.
Seitz, Berthold
Orosz, Erika
Stachon, Tanja
Kiderlen, Albrecht F.
Bischoff, Markus
Szentmáry, Nóra
author_facet Muthukumar, Vithusan
Shi, Lei
Chai, Ning
Langenbucher, Achim
Becker, Sören L.
Seitz, Berthold
Orosz, Erika
Stachon, Tanja
Kiderlen, Albrecht F.
Bischoff, Markus
Szentmáry, Nóra
author_sort Muthukumar, Vithusan
collection PubMed
description Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a dangerous infectious disease, which is associated with a high risk of blindness for the infected patient, and for which no standard therapy exists thus far. Patients suffering from AK are thus treated, out of necessity, with an off-label therapy, using drugs designed and indicated for other diseases/purposes. Here, we tested the capability of the off-label anti-amoebic drugs chlorhexidine (CH; 0.1%), dibromopropamidine diisethionate (DD; 0.1%), hexamidine diisethionate (HD; 0.1%), miltefosine (MF; 0.0065%), natamycin (NM; 5%), polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB; 0.02%), povidone iodine (PVPI; 1%), and propamidine isethionate (PD; 0.1%) to suppress trophozoite formation of Acantamoeba castellanii and Acanthamoeba hatchetti cysts on non-nutrient agar Escherichia coli plates. Of the eight off-label anti-amoebic drugs tested, only PVPI allowed for a complete suppression of trophozoite formation by drug-challenged cysts for all four Acanthamoeba isolates in all five biological replicates. Drugs such as NM, PD, and PHMB repeatedly suppressed trophozoite formation with some, but not all, tested Acanthamoeba isolates, while other drugs such as CH, DD, and MF failed to exert a relevant effect on the excystation capacities of the tested Acanthamoeba isolates in most, if not all, of our repetitions. Our findings suggest that pre-testing of the AK isolate with the non-nutrient agar E. coli plate assay against the anti-amoebic drug intended for treatment should be performed to confirm that the selected drug is cysticidal for the Acanthamoeba isolate.
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spelling pubmed-94124652022-08-27 Efficacy of Off-Label Anti-Amoebic Agents to Suppress Trophozoite Formation of Acanthamoeba spp. on Non-Nutrient Agar Escherichia Coli Plates Muthukumar, Vithusan Shi, Lei Chai, Ning Langenbucher, Achim Becker, Sören L. Seitz, Berthold Orosz, Erika Stachon, Tanja Kiderlen, Albrecht F. Bischoff, Markus Szentmáry, Nóra Microorganisms Article Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a dangerous infectious disease, which is associated with a high risk of blindness for the infected patient, and for which no standard therapy exists thus far. Patients suffering from AK are thus treated, out of necessity, with an off-label therapy, using drugs designed and indicated for other diseases/purposes. Here, we tested the capability of the off-label anti-amoebic drugs chlorhexidine (CH; 0.1%), dibromopropamidine diisethionate (DD; 0.1%), hexamidine diisethionate (HD; 0.1%), miltefosine (MF; 0.0065%), natamycin (NM; 5%), polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB; 0.02%), povidone iodine (PVPI; 1%), and propamidine isethionate (PD; 0.1%) to suppress trophozoite formation of Acantamoeba castellanii and Acanthamoeba hatchetti cysts on non-nutrient agar Escherichia coli plates. Of the eight off-label anti-amoebic drugs tested, only PVPI allowed for a complete suppression of trophozoite formation by drug-challenged cysts for all four Acanthamoeba isolates in all five biological replicates. Drugs such as NM, PD, and PHMB repeatedly suppressed trophozoite formation with some, but not all, tested Acanthamoeba isolates, while other drugs such as CH, DD, and MF failed to exert a relevant effect on the excystation capacities of the tested Acanthamoeba isolates in most, if not all, of our repetitions. Our findings suggest that pre-testing of the AK isolate with the non-nutrient agar E. coli plate assay against the anti-amoebic drug intended for treatment should be performed to confirm that the selected drug is cysticidal for the Acanthamoeba isolate. MDPI 2022-08-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9412465/ /pubmed/36014060 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10081642 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Muthukumar, Vithusan
Shi, Lei
Chai, Ning
Langenbucher, Achim
Becker, Sören L.
Seitz, Berthold
Orosz, Erika
Stachon, Tanja
Kiderlen, Albrecht F.
Bischoff, Markus
Szentmáry, Nóra
Efficacy of Off-Label Anti-Amoebic Agents to Suppress Trophozoite Formation of Acanthamoeba spp. on Non-Nutrient Agar Escherichia Coli Plates
title Efficacy of Off-Label Anti-Amoebic Agents to Suppress Trophozoite Formation of Acanthamoeba spp. on Non-Nutrient Agar Escherichia Coli Plates
title_full Efficacy of Off-Label Anti-Amoebic Agents to Suppress Trophozoite Formation of Acanthamoeba spp. on Non-Nutrient Agar Escherichia Coli Plates
title_fullStr Efficacy of Off-Label Anti-Amoebic Agents to Suppress Trophozoite Formation of Acanthamoeba spp. on Non-Nutrient Agar Escherichia Coli Plates
title_full_unstemmed Efficacy of Off-Label Anti-Amoebic Agents to Suppress Trophozoite Formation of Acanthamoeba spp. on Non-Nutrient Agar Escherichia Coli Plates
title_short Efficacy of Off-Label Anti-Amoebic Agents to Suppress Trophozoite Formation of Acanthamoeba spp. on Non-Nutrient Agar Escherichia Coli Plates
title_sort efficacy of off-label anti-amoebic agents to suppress trophozoite formation of acanthamoeba spp. on non-nutrient agar escherichia coli plates
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9412465/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36014060
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10081642
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