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Long-Term Immunogenicity of Inactivated and Oral Polio Vaccines: An Italian Retrospective Cohort Study

Oral and inactivated poliovirus (PV) vaccines have contributed toward the global eradication of wild PV2 and PV3, as well as the elimination of PV1 in most countries. While the long-term (>5–10 years) persistence of protective antibodies in ≥80% of the population vaccinated with ≥3–4 doses of ora...

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Autores principales: Larocca, Angela Maria Vittoria, Bianchi, Francesco Paolo, Bozzi, Anna, Tafuri, Silvio, Stefanizzi, Pasquale, Germinario, Cinzia Annatea
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9413249/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36016217
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081329
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author Larocca, Angela Maria Vittoria
Bianchi, Francesco Paolo
Bozzi, Anna
Tafuri, Silvio
Stefanizzi, Pasquale
Germinario, Cinzia Annatea
author_facet Larocca, Angela Maria Vittoria
Bianchi, Francesco Paolo
Bozzi, Anna
Tafuri, Silvio
Stefanizzi, Pasquale
Germinario, Cinzia Annatea
author_sort Larocca, Angela Maria Vittoria
collection PubMed
description Oral and inactivated poliovirus (PV) vaccines have contributed toward the global eradication of wild PV2 and PV3, as well as the elimination of PV1 in most countries. While the long-term (>5–10 years) persistence of protective antibodies in ≥80% of the population vaccinated with ≥3–4 doses of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) has been demonstrated, the duration of immunity in people vaccinated with the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) is still unclear. This study evaluated the seroprevalence of anti-PV neutralizing antibodies and the long-term immunogenicity conferred by OPV and IPV in a sample of medical students from the University of Bari (April 2014–October 2020). The levels of neutralizing PV1, PV2, and PV3 antibodies in blood samples taken during the assessments were evaluated. Neutralizing antibodies against PV1, PV2, and PV3 were present in >90% of the study participants, with rates of >99%, >98%, and ~92–99%, respectively. IPV resulted in a higher immunological response than OPV against PV3. Protective antibodies against all three viruses persisted for at least 18 years after administration of the last vaccine dose. Until PV1 is completely eradicated, maximum vigilance from public health institutions must be maintained.
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spelling pubmed-94132492022-08-27 Long-Term Immunogenicity of Inactivated and Oral Polio Vaccines: An Italian Retrospective Cohort Study Larocca, Angela Maria Vittoria Bianchi, Francesco Paolo Bozzi, Anna Tafuri, Silvio Stefanizzi, Pasquale Germinario, Cinzia Annatea Vaccines (Basel) Article Oral and inactivated poliovirus (PV) vaccines have contributed toward the global eradication of wild PV2 and PV3, as well as the elimination of PV1 in most countries. While the long-term (>5–10 years) persistence of protective antibodies in ≥80% of the population vaccinated with ≥3–4 doses of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) has been demonstrated, the duration of immunity in people vaccinated with the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) is still unclear. This study evaluated the seroprevalence of anti-PV neutralizing antibodies and the long-term immunogenicity conferred by OPV and IPV in a sample of medical students from the University of Bari (April 2014–October 2020). The levels of neutralizing PV1, PV2, and PV3 antibodies in blood samples taken during the assessments were evaluated. Neutralizing antibodies against PV1, PV2, and PV3 were present in >90% of the study participants, with rates of >99%, >98%, and ~92–99%, respectively. IPV resulted in a higher immunological response than OPV against PV3. Protective antibodies against all three viruses persisted for at least 18 years after administration of the last vaccine dose. Until PV1 is completely eradicated, maximum vigilance from public health institutions must be maintained. MDPI 2022-08-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9413249/ /pubmed/36016217 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081329 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Larocca, Angela Maria Vittoria
Bianchi, Francesco Paolo
Bozzi, Anna
Tafuri, Silvio
Stefanizzi, Pasquale
Germinario, Cinzia Annatea
Long-Term Immunogenicity of Inactivated and Oral Polio Vaccines: An Italian Retrospective Cohort Study
title Long-Term Immunogenicity of Inactivated and Oral Polio Vaccines: An Italian Retrospective Cohort Study
title_full Long-Term Immunogenicity of Inactivated and Oral Polio Vaccines: An Italian Retrospective Cohort Study
title_fullStr Long-Term Immunogenicity of Inactivated and Oral Polio Vaccines: An Italian Retrospective Cohort Study
title_full_unstemmed Long-Term Immunogenicity of Inactivated and Oral Polio Vaccines: An Italian Retrospective Cohort Study
title_short Long-Term Immunogenicity of Inactivated and Oral Polio Vaccines: An Italian Retrospective Cohort Study
title_sort long-term immunogenicity of inactivated and oral polio vaccines: an italian retrospective cohort study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9413249/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36016217
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081329
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