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Selected Political Criminal Poisonings in the Years 1978–2020: Detection and Treatment

Criminal poisonings are among the least frequently detected crimes in the world. Lack of suspicion of this type of event by police officers and prosecutors, clinical symptoms imitating many somatic diseases and technical difficulties in diagnostics, as well as high research costs make the actual fre...

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Autores principales: Brunka, Zuzanna, Ryl, Jan, Brushtulli, Piotr, Gromala, Daria, Walczak, Grzegorz, Zięba, Sonia, Pieśniak, Dorota, Sein Anand, Jacek, Wiergowski, Marek
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9413450/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36006147
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10080468
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author Brunka, Zuzanna
Ryl, Jan
Brushtulli, Piotr
Gromala, Daria
Walczak, Grzegorz
Zięba, Sonia
Pieśniak, Dorota
Sein Anand, Jacek
Wiergowski, Marek
author_facet Brunka, Zuzanna
Ryl, Jan
Brushtulli, Piotr
Gromala, Daria
Walczak, Grzegorz
Zięba, Sonia
Pieśniak, Dorota
Sein Anand, Jacek
Wiergowski, Marek
author_sort Brunka, Zuzanna
collection PubMed
description Criminal poisonings are among the least frequently detected crimes in the world. Lack of suspicion of this type of event by police officers and prosecutors, clinical symptoms imitating many somatic diseases and technical difficulties in diagnostics, as well as high research costs make the actual frequency of these events difficult to estimate. The substance used for criminal poisoning is often characterized by: lack of taste, color and smell, delayed action, easy availability and difficulty to detect. The aim of the study was to analyze selected cases of political poisoning that took place in the years 1978–2020, to describe the mechanisms of action of the substances used and to evaluate the diagnosis and treatment. The analyzed cases of criminal poisoning concerned: Georgi Markov (ricin), Khalid Maszal (fentanyl), Wiktor Yushchenko (TCDD dioxin), Jasir Arafat (polonium (210)Po isotope), Alexander Litvinenko (polonium (210)Po isotope), Kim Jong-Nam (VX), Sergei Skripal (Novichok) and Alexei Navalny (Novichok). Contemporary poisons, to a greater extent than in the past, are based on the use of synthetic substances from the group of organophosphorus compounds and radioactive substances. The possibility of taking appropriate and effective treatment in such cases is the result of many factors, including the possibility of quick and competent rescue intervention, quick and reliable detection of the toxic substance and the possibility of using an antidote.
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spelling pubmed-94134502022-08-27 Selected Political Criminal Poisonings in the Years 1978–2020: Detection and Treatment Brunka, Zuzanna Ryl, Jan Brushtulli, Piotr Gromala, Daria Walczak, Grzegorz Zięba, Sonia Pieśniak, Dorota Sein Anand, Jacek Wiergowski, Marek Toxics Review Criminal poisonings are among the least frequently detected crimes in the world. Lack of suspicion of this type of event by police officers and prosecutors, clinical symptoms imitating many somatic diseases and technical difficulties in diagnostics, as well as high research costs make the actual frequency of these events difficult to estimate. The substance used for criminal poisoning is often characterized by: lack of taste, color and smell, delayed action, easy availability and difficulty to detect. The aim of the study was to analyze selected cases of political poisoning that took place in the years 1978–2020, to describe the mechanisms of action of the substances used and to evaluate the diagnosis and treatment. The analyzed cases of criminal poisoning concerned: Georgi Markov (ricin), Khalid Maszal (fentanyl), Wiktor Yushchenko (TCDD dioxin), Jasir Arafat (polonium (210)Po isotope), Alexander Litvinenko (polonium (210)Po isotope), Kim Jong-Nam (VX), Sergei Skripal (Novichok) and Alexei Navalny (Novichok). Contemporary poisons, to a greater extent than in the past, are based on the use of synthetic substances from the group of organophosphorus compounds and radioactive substances. The possibility of taking appropriate and effective treatment in such cases is the result of many factors, including the possibility of quick and competent rescue intervention, quick and reliable detection of the toxic substance and the possibility of using an antidote. MDPI 2022-08-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9413450/ /pubmed/36006147 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10080468 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Brunka, Zuzanna
Ryl, Jan
Brushtulli, Piotr
Gromala, Daria
Walczak, Grzegorz
Zięba, Sonia
Pieśniak, Dorota
Sein Anand, Jacek
Wiergowski, Marek
Selected Political Criminal Poisonings in the Years 1978–2020: Detection and Treatment
title Selected Political Criminal Poisonings in the Years 1978–2020: Detection and Treatment
title_full Selected Political Criminal Poisonings in the Years 1978–2020: Detection and Treatment
title_fullStr Selected Political Criminal Poisonings in the Years 1978–2020: Detection and Treatment
title_full_unstemmed Selected Political Criminal Poisonings in the Years 1978–2020: Detection and Treatment
title_short Selected Political Criminal Poisonings in the Years 1978–2020: Detection and Treatment
title_sort selected political criminal poisonings in the years 1978–2020: detection and treatment
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9413450/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36006147
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10080468
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