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Athermal Concentration of Blueberry Juice by Forward Osmosis: Food Additives as Draw Solution
This study is to evaluate the athermal forward osmosis (FO) concentration process of blueberry juice using food additives as a draw solution (DS). The effects of food additives, including citric acid, sodium benzoate, and potassium sorbate, on the concentration processes are studied, and their effec...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9414217/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36005724 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12080808 |
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author | Chu, Haoqi Zhang, Zhihan Zhong, Huazhao Yang, Kai Sun, Peilong Liao, Xiaojun Cai, Ming |
author_facet | Chu, Haoqi Zhang, Zhihan Zhong, Huazhao Yang, Kai Sun, Peilong Liao, Xiaojun Cai, Ming |
author_sort | Chu, Haoqi |
collection | PubMed |
description | This study is to evaluate the athermal forward osmosis (FO) concentration process of blueberry juice using food additives as a draw solution (DS). The effects of food additives, including citric acid, sodium benzoate, and potassium sorbate, on the concentration processes are studied, and their effects on the products and membranes are compared. Results show that all these three food additives can be alternative DSs in concentration, among which citric acid shows the best performance. The total anthocyanin content (TAC) of blueberry juice concentrated by citric acid, sodium benzoate, and potassium sorbate were 752.56 ± 29.04, 716.10 ± 30.80, and 735.31 ± 24.92 mg·L(−)(1), respectively, increased by 25.5%, 17.8%, and 19.9%. Meanwhile, the total phenolic content (TPC) increased by 21.0%, 10.6%, and 16.6%, respectively. Citric acid, sodium benzoate, and potassium sorbate all might reverse into the concentrated juice in amounts of 3.083 ± 0.477, 1.497 ± 0.008, and 0.869 ± 0.003 g/kg, respectively. These reversed food additives can make the TPC and TAC in juice steadier during its concentration and storage. Accordingly, food additives can be an excellent choice for DSs in the FO concentration process of juices, not only improving the concentration efficiency but also increasing the stability of blueberry juice. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9414217 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94142172022-08-27 Athermal Concentration of Blueberry Juice by Forward Osmosis: Food Additives as Draw Solution Chu, Haoqi Zhang, Zhihan Zhong, Huazhao Yang, Kai Sun, Peilong Liao, Xiaojun Cai, Ming Membranes (Basel) Article This study is to evaluate the athermal forward osmosis (FO) concentration process of blueberry juice using food additives as a draw solution (DS). The effects of food additives, including citric acid, sodium benzoate, and potassium sorbate, on the concentration processes are studied, and their effects on the products and membranes are compared. Results show that all these three food additives can be alternative DSs in concentration, among which citric acid shows the best performance. The total anthocyanin content (TAC) of blueberry juice concentrated by citric acid, sodium benzoate, and potassium sorbate were 752.56 ± 29.04, 716.10 ± 30.80, and 735.31 ± 24.92 mg·L(−)(1), respectively, increased by 25.5%, 17.8%, and 19.9%. Meanwhile, the total phenolic content (TPC) increased by 21.0%, 10.6%, and 16.6%, respectively. Citric acid, sodium benzoate, and potassium sorbate all might reverse into the concentrated juice in amounts of 3.083 ± 0.477, 1.497 ± 0.008, and 0.869 ± 0.003 g/kg, respectively. These reversed food additives can make the TPC and TAC in juice steadier during its concentration and storage. Accordingly, food additives can be an excellent choice for DSs in the FO concentration process of juices, not only improving the concentration efficiency but also increasing the stability of blueberry juice. MDPI 2022-08-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9414217/ /pubmed/36005724 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12080808 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Chu, Haoqi Zhang, Zhihan Zhong, Huazhao Yang, Kai Sun, Peilong Liao, Xiaojun Cai, Ming Athermal Concentration of Blueberry Juice by Forward Osmosis: Food Additives as Draw Solution |
title | Athermal Concentration of Blueberry Juice by Forward Osmosis: Food Additives as Draw Solution |
title_full | Athermal Concentration of Blueberry Juice by Forward Osmosis: Food Additives as Draw Solution |
title_fullStr | Athermal Concentration of Blueberry Juice by Forward Osmosis: Food Additives as Draw Solution |
title_full_unstemmed | Athermal Concentration of Blueberry Juice by Forward Osmosis: Food Additives as Draw Solution |
title_short | Athermal Concentration of Blueberry Juice by Forward Osmosis: Food Additives as Draw Solution |
title_sort | athermal concentration of blueberry juice by forward osmosis: food additives as draw solution |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9414217/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36005724 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12080808 |
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