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Difelikefalin in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus: A Systematic Review

Chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) is a chronic condition that significantly reduces the quality of life of patients with end-stage renal disease. The etiology is not fully understood, but imbalance in the activity of the opioid pathways, including downregulation of the kappa-opioid...

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Autores principales: Wala, Kamila, Szepietowski, Jacek C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9414620/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36015082
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15080934
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author Wala, Kamila
Szepietowski, Jacek C.
author_facet Wala, Kamila
Szepietowski, Jacek C.
author_sort Wala, Kamila
collection PubMed
description Chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) is a chronic condition that significantly reduces the quality of life of patients with end-stage renal disease. The etiology is not fully understood, but imbalance in the activity of the opioid pathways, including downregulation of the kappa-opioid receptor, may contribute to itching sensation. Difelikefalin is a selective, peripherally acting kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) agonist. Recently, difelikefalin has been approved as a first drug for the treatment of pruritus associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adult hemodialysis patients. A systematic review of currently available clinical trials was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of difelikefalin in patients with uremic pruritus. A literature review was conducted in May 2022 based on the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The analyzed clinical trials showed that difelikefalin was effective in reducing pruritus in patients as assessed by the Worst Itching Intensity Numerical Rating Scale. Improvement in quality of life assessed on the basis of the Skindex score and the 5-D itch scale was also noticed. The most commonly reported side effects were mild and included nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and diarrhea. Due to its proven efficacy and good safety profile, difelikefalin is a promising drug for the treatment of pruritus in patients with chronic kidney disease.
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spelling pubmed-94146202022-08-27 Difelikefalin in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus: A Systematic Review Wala, Kamila Szepietowski, Jacek C. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) Systematic Review Chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) is a chronic condition that significantly reduces the quality of life of patients with end-stage renal disease. The etiology is not fully understood, but imbalance in the activity of the opioid pathways, including downregulation of the kappa-opioid receptor, may contribute to itching sensation. Difelikefalin is a selective, peripherally acting kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) agonist. Recently, difelikefalin has been approved as a first drug for the treatment of pruritus associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adult hemodialysis patients. A systematic review of currently available clinical trials was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of difelikefalin in patients with uremic pruritus. A literature review was conducted in May 2022 based on the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The analyzed clinical trials showed that difelikefalin was effective in reducing pruritus in patients as assessed by the Worst Itching Intensity Numerical Rating Scale. Improvement in quality of life assessed on the basis of the Skindex score and the 5-D itch scale was also noticed. The most commonly reported side effects were mild and included nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and diarrhea. Due to its proven efficacy and good safety profile, difelikefalin is a promising drug for the treatment of pruritus in patients with chronic kidney disease. MDPI 2022-07-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9414620/ /pubmed/36015082 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15080934 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Systematic Review
Wala, Kamila
Szepietowski, Jacek C.
Difelikefalin in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus: A Systematic Review
title Difelikefalin in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus: A Systematic Review
title_full Difelikefalin in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Difelikefalin in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Difelikefalin in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus: A Systematic Review
title_short Difelikefalin in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus: A Systematic Review
title_sort difelikefalin in the treatment of chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus: a systematic review
topic Systematic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9414620/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36015082
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15080934
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