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Co-Radiation of Leptospira and Tenrecidae (Afrotheria) on Madagascar

Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira that are maintained in the kidney lumen of infected animals acting as reservoirs and contaminating the environment via infected urine. The investigation of leptospirosis through a One Health framework has been stimulated by notabl...

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Autores principales: Gomard, Yann, Goodman, Steven M., Soarimalala, Voahangy, Turpin, Magali, Lenclume, Guenaëlle, Ah-Vane, Marion, Golden, Christopher D., Tortosa, Pablo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9415048/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36006285
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7080193
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author Gomard, Yann
Goodman, Steven M.
Soarimalala, Voahangy
Turpin, Magali
Lenclume, Guenaëlle
Ah-Vane, Marion
Golden, Christopher D.
Tortosa, Pablo
author_facet Gomard, Yann
Goodman, Steven M.
Soarimalala, Voahangy
Turpin, Magali
Lenclume, Guenaëlle
Ah-Vane, Marion
Golden, Christopher D.
Tortosa, Pablo
author_sort Gomard, Yann
collection PubMed
description Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira that are maintained in the kidney lumen of infected animals acting as reservoirs and contaminating the environment via infected urine. The investigation of leptospirosis through a One Health framework has been stimulated by notable genetic diversity of pathogenic Leptospira combined with a high infection prevalence in certain animal reservoirs. Studies of Madagascar’s native mammal fauna have revealed a diversity of Leptospira with high levels of host-specificity. Native rodents, tenrecids, and bats shelter several distinct lineages and species of Leptospira, some of which have also been detected in acute human cases. Specifically, L. mayottensis, first discovered in humans on Mayotte, an island neighboring Madagascar, was subsequently identified in a few species of tenrecids on the latter island, which comprise an endemic family of small mammals. Distinct L. mayottensis lineages were identified in shrew tenrecs (Microgale cowani and Nesogale dobsoni) on Madagascar, and later in an introduced population of spiny tenrecs (Tenrec ecaudatus) on Mayotte. These findings suggest that L. mayottensis (i) has co-radiated with tenrecids on Madagascar, and (ii) has recently emerged in human populations on Mayotte following the introduction of T. ecaudatus from Madagascar. Hitherto, L. mayottensis has not been detected in spiny tenrecs on Madagascar. In the present study, we broaden the investigation of Malagasy tenrecids and test the emergence of L. mayottensis in humans as a result of the introduction of T. ecaudatus on Mayotte. We screened by PCR 55 tenrecid samples from Madagascar, including kidney tissues from 24 individual T. ecaudatus. We describe the presence of L. mayottensis in Malagasy T. ecaudatus in agreement with the aforementioned hypothesis, as well as in M. thomasi, a tenrecid species that has not been explored thus far for Leptospira carriage.
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spelling pubmed-94150482022-08-27 Co-Radiation of Leptospira and Tenrecidae (Afrotheria) on Madagascar Gomard, Yann Goodman, Steven M. Soarimalala, Voahangy Turpin, Magali Lenclume, Guenaëlle Ah-Vane, Marion Golden, Christopher D. Tortosa, Pablo Trop Med Infect Dis Article Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira that are maintained in the kidney lumen of infected animals acting as reservoirs and contaminating the environment via infected urine. The investigation of leptospirosis through a One Health framework has been stimulated by notable genetic diversity of pathogenic Leptospira combined with a high infection prevalence in certain animal reservoirs. Studies of Madagascar’s native mammal fauna have revealed a diversity of Leptospira with high levels of host-specificity. Native rodents, tenrecids, and bats shelter several distinct lineages and species of Leptospira, some of which have also been detected in acute human cases. Specifically, L. mayottensis, first discovered in humans on Mayotte, an island neighboring Madagascar, was subsequently identified in a few species of tenrecids on the latter island, which comprise an endemic family of small mammals. Distinct L. mayottensis lineages were identified in shrew tenrecs (Microgale cowani and Nesogale dobsoni) on Madagascar, and later in an introduced population of spiny tenrecs (Tenrec ecaudatus) on Mayotte. These findings suggest that L. mayottensis (i) has co-radiated with tenrecids on Madagascar, and (ii) has recently emerged in human populations on Mayotte following the introduction of T. ecaudatus from Madagascar. Hitherto, L. mayottensis has not been detected in spiny tenrecs on Madagascar. In the present study, we broaden the investigation of Malagasy tenrecids and test the emergence of L. mayottensis in humans as a result of the introduction of T. ecaudatus on Mayotte. We screened by PCR 55 tenrecid samples from Madagascar, including kidney tissues from 24 individual T. ecaudatus. We describe the presence of L. mayottensis in Malagasy T. ecaudatus in agreement with the aforementioned hypothesis, as well as in M. thomasi, a tenrecid species that has not been explored thus far for Leptospira carriage. MDPI 2022-08-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9415048/ /pubmed/36006285 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7080193 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Gomard, Yann
Goodman, Steven M.
Soarimalala, Voahangy
Turpin, Magali
Lenclume, Guenaëlle
Ah-Vane, Marion
Golden, Christopher D.
Tortosa, Pablo
Co-Radiation of Leptospira and Tenrecidae (Afrotheria) on Madagascar
title Co-Radiation of Leptospira and Tenrecidae (Afrotheria) on Madagascar
title_full Co-Radiation of Leptospira and Tenrecidae (Afrotheria) on Madagascar
title_fullStr Co-Radiation of Leptospira and Tenrecidae (Afrotheria) on Madagascar
title_full_unstemmed Co-Radiation of Leptospira and Tenrecidae (Afrotheria) on Madagascar
title_short Co-Radiation of Leptospira and Tenrecidae (Afrotheria) on Madagascar
title_sort co-radiation of leptospira and tenrecidae (afrotheria) on madagascar
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9415048/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36006285
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7080193
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