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Physiological Doses of Oleic and Palmitic Acids Protect Human Endothelial Cells from Oxidative Stress

Oxidative stress has been proposed to be a pathogenic mechanism to induce endothelial dysfunction and the onset of cardiovascular disease. Elevated levels of free fatty acids can cause oxidative stress by increasing mitochondrial uncoupling but, at physiological concentrations, they are essential fo...

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Autores principales: Palomino, Olga M., Giordani, Veronica, Chowen, Julie, Alfonso, Soledad Fernández, Goya, Luis
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9415781/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36014457
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27165217
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author Palomino, Olga M.
Giordani, Veronica
Chowen, Julie
Alfonso, Soledad Fernández
Goya, Luis
author_facet Palomino, Olga M.
Giordani, Veronica
Chowen, Julie
Alfonso, Soledad Fernández
Goya, Luis
author_sort Palomino, Olga M.
collection PubMed
description Oxidative stress has been proposed to be a pathogenic mechanism to induce endothelial dysfunction and the onset of cardiovascular disease. Elevated levels of free fatty acids can cause oxidative stress by increasing mitochondrial uncoupling but, at physiological concentrations, they are essential for cell and tissue function and olive oil free fatty acids have proved to exhibit beneficial effects on risk factors for cardiovascular disease. We hypothesize that realistic concentrations within the physiological range of oleic (OA) and palmitic (PA) acids could be beneficial in the prevention of oxidative stress in vascular endothelium. Hence, pre-treatment and co-treatment with realistic physiological doses of palmitic and oleic acids were tested on cultured endothelial cells submitted to a chemically induced oxidative stress to investigate their potential chemo-protective effect. Cell viability and markers of oxidative status: reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) were evaluated. As a conclusion, the increased ROS generation induced by stress was significantly prevented by a pre- and co-treatment with PA or OA. Moreover, pre- and co-treatment of cells with FFAs recovered the stress-induced MDA concentration to control values and significantly recovered depleted GSH and normalized GPx and GR activities. Finally, pre- and co-treatment of cells with physiological concentrations of PA or OA in the low micromolar range conferred a substantial protection of cell viability against an oxidative insult.
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spelling pubmed-94157812022-08-27 Physiological Doses of Oleic and Palmitic Acids Protect Human Endothelial Cells from Oxidative Stress Palomino, Olga M. Giordani, Veronica Chowen, Julie Alfonso, Soledad Fernández Goya, Luis Molecules Article Oxidative stress has been proposed to be a pathogenic mechanism to induce endothelial dysfunction and the onset of cardiovascular disease. Elevated levels of free fatty acids can cause oxidative stress by increasing mitochondrial uncoupling but, at physiological concentrations, they are essential for cell and tissue function and olive oil free fatty acids have proved to exhibit beneficial effects on risk factors for cardiovascular disease. We hypothesize that realistic concentrations within the physiological range of oleic (OA) and palmitic (PA) acids could be beneficial in the prevention of oxidative stress in vascular endothelium. Hence, pre-treatment and co-treatment with realistic physiological doses of palmitic and oleic acids were tested on cultured endothelial cells submitted to a chemically induced oxidative stress to investigate their potential chemo-protective effect. Cell viability and markers of oxidative status: reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) were evaluated. As a conclusion, the increased ROS generation induced by stress was significantly prevented by a pre- and co-treatment with PA or OA. Moreover, pre- and co-treatment of cells with FFAs recovered the stress-induced MDA concentration to control values and significantly recovered depleted GSH and normalized GPx and GR activities. Finally, pre- and co-treatment of cells with physiological concentrations of PA or OA in the low micromolar range conferred a substantial protection of cell viability against an oxidative insult. MDPI 2022-08-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9415781/ /pubmed/36014457 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27165217 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Palomino, Olga M.
Giordani, Veronica
Chowen, Julie
Alfonso, Soledad Fernández
Goya, Luis
Physiological Doses of Oleic and Palmitic Acids Protect Human Endothelial Cells from Oxidative Stress
title Physiological Doses of Oleic and Palmitic Acids Protect Human Endothelial Cells from Oxidative Stress
title_full Physiological Doses of Oleic and Palmitic Acids Protect Human Endothelial Cells from Oxidative Stress
title_fullStr Physiological Doses of Oleic and Palmitic Acids Protect Human Endothelial Cells from Oxidative Stress
title_full_unstemmed Physiological Doses of Oleic and Palmitic Acids Protect Human Endothelial Cells from Oxidative Stress
title_short Physiological Doses of Oleic and Palmitic Acids Protect Human Endothelial Cells from Oxidative Stress
title_sort physiological doses of oleic and palmitic acids protect human endothelial cells from oxidative stress
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9415781/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36014457
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27165217
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