Dry-Matter Loss and Changes in the Chemical Composition of Spruce Wood after Long-Term Storing in the Form of Roundwood

Wood stock in a warehouse is a necessary precondition for reliable manufacturing. However, wood can degrade and lose the matter during storage. “Dry-matter loss (DML)” is used to quantify the degradation following the changes in mass of a wood substance. The proposed calculation of DML is based on using parallel figures. The calculated loss of spruce wood substance harvested in winter during a six-month period was 4.5%. The estimated annual loss of wood substance was 5.7%. The loss was caused by a factor with a gradually eliminated effect. The changes in the chemical composition of wood substance were not proportional to the original amount of the isolated chemical substances. Hemicelluloses and lignin suffered from the loss faster than there was a change in the DML of spruce wood. Hemicelluloses were the most unstable isolated compound, with an increased rate of change during the first four months. The number of extractives significantly decreased during two months of storage. However, there was an increase in the number of extractives after six months of storage. The loss of cellulose was similar to the DML of spruce wood during the whole time of storage. The FTIR analysis confirmed a decrease in the total crystalline index (TCI) and lateral order index (LOI) of cellulose due to the storage of roundwood.