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Is carboxylation an efficient method for graphene oxide functionalization?

Graphene oxide (GO) is one of the most popular materials applied in different research areas thanks to its unique properties. The application of GO requires well-designed protocols to introduce different functionalities on its surface, exploiting the oxygenated groups already present. Due to the com...

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Autores principales: Guo, Shi, Raya, Jésus, Ji, Dingkun, Nishina, Yuta, Ménard-Moyon, Cécilia, Bianco, Alberto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: RSC 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9416926/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36132765
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0na00561d
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author Guo, Shi
Raya, Jésus
Ji, Dingkun
Nishina, Yuta
Ménard-Moyon, Cécilia
Bianco, Alberto
author_facet Guo, Shi
Raya, Jésus
Ji, Dingkun
Nishina, Yuta
Ménard-Moyon, Cécilia
Bianco, Alberto
author_sort Guo, Shi
collection PubMed
description Graphene oxide (GO) is one of the most popular materials applied in different research areas thanks to its unique properties. The application of GO requires well-designed protocols to introduce different functionalities on its surface, exploiting the oxygenated groups already present. Due to the complex and unstable chemical environment on the GO surface, it is recommended to perform the functionalization under mild conditions. The carboxylation of GO is a widely used method to introduce additional carboxylic acids, which could be further modified through amidation or esterification reactions. The strategy already reported in the literature requires harsh conditions (excess amount of sodium hydroxide). GO is readily reduced under basic conditions, but the reduction of GO during the carboxylation is barely studied. In this work, we performed the carboxylation using chloroacetic acid with different amounts of sodium hydroxide and characterized the functionalized GO with various techniques. The carboxylated GO was exploited to develop a double functionalization approach combining an epoxide ring opening reaction and an amidation. The results showed that strong basic conditions were necessary to derivatize GO. Nevertheless, these conditions resulted in a partial reduction of GO and some functionalities on GO were removed during the reaction, thus reducing the total efficiency of the functionalization in comparison to an epoxide ring opening reaction, indicating that carboxylation is not an efficient approach for the functionalization of GO.
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spelling pubmed-94169262022-09-20 Is carboxylation an efficient method for graphene oxide functionalization? Guo, Shi Raya, Jésus Ji, Dingkun Nishina, Yuta Ménard-Moyon, Cécilia Bianco, Alberto Nanoscale Adv Chemistry Graphene oxide (GO) is one of the most popular materials applied in different research areas thanks to its unique properties. The application of GO requires well-designed protocols to introduce different functionalities on its surface, exploiting the oxygenated groups already present. Due to the complex and unstable chemical environment on the GO surface, it is recommended to perform the functionalization under mild conditions. The carboxylation of GO is a widely used method to introduce additional carboxylic acids, which could be further modified through amidation or esterification reactions. The strategy already reported in the literature requires harsh conditions (excess amount of sodium hydroxide). GO is readily reduced under basic conditions, but the reduction of GO during the carboxylation is barely studied. In this work, we performed the carboxylation using chloroacetic acid with different amounts of sodium hydroxide and characterized the functionalized GO with various techniques. The carboxylated GO was exploited to develop a double functionalization approach combining an epoxide ring opening reaction and an amidation. The results showed that strong basic conditions were necessary to derivatize GO. Nevertheless, these conditions resulted in a partial reduction of GO and some functionalities on GO were removed during the reaction, thus reducing the total efficiency of the functionalization in comparison to an epoxide ring opening reaction, indicating that carboxylation is not an efficient approach for the functionalization of GO. RSC 2020-07-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9416926/ /pubmed/36132765 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0na00561d Text en This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
spellingShingle Chemistry
Guo, Shi
Raya, Jésus
Ji, Dingkun
Nishina, Yuta
Ménard-Moyon, Cécilia
Bianco, Alberto
Is carboxylation an efficient method for graphene oxide functionalization?
title Is carboxylation an efficient method for graphene oxide functionalization?
title_full Is carboxylation an efficient method for graphene oxide functionalization?
title_fullStr Is carboxylation an efficient method for graphene oxide functionalization?
title_full_unstemmed Is carboxylation an efficient method for graphene oxide functionalization?
title_short Is carboxylation an efficient method for graphene oxide functionalization?
title_sort is carboxylation an efficient method for graphene oxide functionalization?
topic Chemistry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9416926/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36132765
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0na00561d
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