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Immune responses in diabetic nephropathy: Pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic target
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic, inflammatory disease affecting millions of diabetic patients worldwide. DN is associated with proteinuria and progressive slowing of glomerular filtration, which often leads to end-stage kidney diseases. Due to the complexity of this metabolic disorder and lac...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9420855/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36045667 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.958790 |
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author | Chen, Jiahao Liu, Qinhui He, Jinhan Li, Yanping |
author_facet | Chen, Jiahao Liu, Qinhui He, Jinhan Li, Yanping |
author_sort | Chen, Jiahao |
collection | PubMed |
description | Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic, inflammatory disease affecting millions of diabetic patients worldwide. DN is associated with proteinuria and progressive slowing of glomerular filtration, which often leads to end-stage kidney diseases. Due to the complexity of this metabolic disorder and lack of clarity about its pathogenesis, it is often more difficult to diagnose and treat than other kidney diseases. Recent studies have highlighted that the immune system can inadvertently contribute to DN pathogenesis. Cells involved in innate and adaptive immune responses can target the kidney due to increased expression of immune-related localization factors. Immune cells then activate a pro-inflammatory response involving the release of autocrine and paracrine factors, which further amplify inflammation and damage the kidney. Consequently, strategies to treat DN by targeting the immune responses are currently under study. In light of the steady rise in DN incidence, this timely review summarizes the latest findings about the role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of DN and discusses promising preclinical and clinical therapies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9420855 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94208552022-08-30 Immune responses in diabetic nephropathy: Pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic target Chen, Jiahao Liu, Qinhui He, Jinhan Li, Yanping Front Immunol Immunology Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic, inflammatory disease affecting millions of diabetic patients worldwide. DN is associated with proteinuria and progressive slowing of glomerular filtration, which often leads to end-stage kidney diseases. Due to the complexity of this metabolic disorder and lack of clarity about its pathogenesis, it is often more difficult to diagnose and treat than other kidney diseases. Recent studies have highlighted that the immune system can inadvertently contribute to DN pathogenesis. Cells involved in innate and adaptive immune responses can target the kidney due to increased expression of immune-related localization factors. Immune cells then activate a pro-inflammatory response involving the release of autocrine and paracrine factors, which further amplify inflammation and damage the kidney. Consequently, strategies to treat DN by targeting the immune responses are currently under study. In light of the steady rise in DN incidence, this timely review summarizes the latest findings about the role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of DN and discusses promising preclinical and clinical therapies. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-08-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9420855/ /pubmed/36045667 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.958790 Text en Copyright © 2022 Chen, Liu, He and Li https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Chen, Jiahao Liu, Qinhui He, Jinhan Li, Yanping Immune responses in diabetic nephropathy: Pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic target |
title | Immune responses in diabetic nephropathy: Pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic target |
title_full | Immune responses in diabetic nephropathy: Pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic target |
title_fullStr | Immune responses in diabetic nephropathy: Pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic target |
title_full_unstemmed | Immune responses in diabetic nephropathy: Pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic target |
title_short | Immune responses in diabetic nephropathy: Pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic target |
title_sort | immune responses in diabetic nephropathy: pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic target |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9420855/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36045667 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.958790 |
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