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Epigenetics and its role in effecting agronomical traits

Climate-resilient crops with improved adaptation to the changing climate are urgently needed to feed the growing population. Hence, developing high-yielding crop varieties with better agronomic traits is one of the most critical issues in agricultural research. These are vital to enhancing yield as...

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Autores principales: Gupta, Chainika, Salgotra, Romesh K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9421166/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36046583
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.925688
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author Gupta, Chainika
Salgotra, Romesh K.
author_facet Gupta, Chainika
Salgotra, Romesh K.
author_sort Gupta, Chainika
collection PubMed
description Climate-resilient crops with improved adaptation to the changing climate are urgently needed to feed the growing population. Hence, developing high-yielding crop varieties with better agronomic traits is one of the most critical issues in agricultural research. These are vital to enhancing yield as well as resistance to harsh conditions, both of which help farmers over time. The majority of agronomic traits are quantitative and are subject to intricate genetic control, thereby obstructing crop improvement. Plant epibreeding is the utilisation of epigenetic variation for crop development, and has a wide range of applications in the field of crop improvement. Epigenetics refers to changes in gene expression that are heritable and induced by methylation of DNA, post-translational modifications of histones or RNA interference rather than an alteration in the underlying sequence of DNA. The epigenetic modifications influence gene expression by changing the state of chromatin, which underpins plant growth and dictates phenotypic responsiveness for extrinsic and intrinsic inputs. Epigenetic modifications, in addition to DNA sequence variation, improve breeding by giving useful markers. Also, it takes epigenome diversity into account to predict plant performance and increase crop production. In this review, emphasis has been given for summarising the role of epigenetic changes in epibreeding for crop improvement.
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spelling pubmed-94211662022-08-30 Epigenetics and its role in effecting agronomical traits Gupta, Chainika Salgotra, Romesh K. Front Plant Sci Plant Science Climate-resilient crops with improved adaptation to the changing climate are urgently needed to feed the growing population. Hence, developing high-yielding crop varieties with better agronomic traits is one of the most critical issues in agricultural research. These are vital to enhancing yield as well as resistance to harsh conditions, both of which help farmers over time. The majority of agronomic traits are quantitative and are subject to intricate genetic control, thereby obstructing crop improvement. Plant epibreeding is the utilisation of epigenetic variation for crop development, and has a wide range of applications in the field of crop improvement. Epigenetics refers to changes in gene expression that are heritable and induced by methylation of DNA, post-translational modifications of histones or RNA interference rather than an alteration in the underlying sequence of DNA. The epigenetic modifications influence gene expression by changing the state of chromatin, which underpins plant growth and dictates phenotypic responsiveness for extrinsic and intrinsic inputs. Epigenetic modifications, in addition to DNA sequence variation, improve breeding by giving useful markers. Also, it takes epigenome diversity into account to predict plant performance and increase crop production. In this review, emphasis has been given for summarising the role of epigenetic changes in epibreeding for crop improvement. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-08-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9421166/ /pubmed/36046583 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.925688 Text en Copyright © 2022 Gupta and Salgotra. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Gupta, Chainika
Salgotra, Romesh K.
Epigenetics and its role in effecting agronomical traits
title Epigenetics and its role in effecting agronomical traits
title_full Epigenetics and its role in effecting agronomical traits
title_fullStr Epigenetics and its role in effecting agronomical traits
title_full_unstemmed Epigenetics and its role in effecting agronomical traits
title_short Epigenetics and its role in effecting agronomical traits
title_sort epigenetics and its role in effecting agronomical traits
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9421166/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36046583
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.925688
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