Comparison of postoperative morbidity between conventional cold dissection and bipolar electrocautery tonsillectomy: which technique is better?()

INTRODUCTION: Tonsillectomy is one of the most common surgeries in the head and neck worldwide. This operation is carried out by different methods, the most frequent of which are the cold dissection and bipolar electrocautery techniques. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to assess and compare postoperative morbidity between cold dissection and bipolar electrocautery. METHODS: This prospective randomized clinical trial was performed on 534 patients who underwent tonsillectomy in Vali-e-Asr Hospital of Birjand, east of Iran from October, 2013 to October, 2015. The patients were systematically selected for cold dissection technique or bipolar electrocautery technique groups. Time of surgery, amount of intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hemorrhage, the intensity of local pain 4 and 24 hours after operation and nausea and/or vomiting were recorded and compared in the two groups to decide which technique is better. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (ver-22). The p-value less than 0.5 was considered significant. RESULTS: In this study, 51.7% of the cold dissection technique patients and 50.6% of the bipolar electrocautery technique participants were male. Compared to the cold dissection technique, the average intraoperative blood loss was significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the bipolar electrocautery technique group, while the intensity of local pain 4 and 24 hours after the operation was significantly higher (p < 0.001). Other variables showed no significant differences between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of the present investigation, the bipolar electrocautery technique is suggested for tonsillectomy in children, while the cold dissection technique is preferred for adult patients.