Cohort profile: population-based cohorts of patients with colorectal cancer and of their relatives in Geneva, Switzerland

PURPOSE: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Variability between patients in prognosis and treatment response is partially explained by traditional clinicopathological factors. We established a large population-based cohort of patients with CRC and their first-degree and second-degree relatives registered in the Canton of Geneva, to evaluate the role of family history and tumour biomarkers on patient outcomes. PARTICIPANTS: The cohort includes all patients with CRC diagnosed between 1985 and 2013. Detailed information on patient and tumour characteristics, treatment and outcomes were extracted from the Geneva Cancer Registry database, completed by medical records review and linkage with administrative and oncogenetics databases. Next-generation tissue microarrays were constructed from tissue samples of the primary tumour. A prospective follow-up of the cohort is realised annually to collect data on outcomes. First-degree and second-degree relatives of patients are identified through linkage with the Cantonal Population Office database and information about cancer among relatives is retrieved from the Geneva Cancer Registry database. The cohort of relatives is updated annually. FINDINGS TO DATE: The cohort includes 5499 patients (4244 patients with colon cancer and 1255 patients with rectal cancer). The great majority of patients were diagnosed because of occurrence of symptoms and almost half of the cases were diagnosed with an advanced disease. At the end of 2019, 337 local recurrences, 1143 distant recurrences and 4035 deaths were reported. At the same date, the cohort of first-degree relatives included 344 fathers, 538 mothers, 3485 children and 375 siblings. Among them, we identified 28 fathers, 31 mothers, 18 siblings and 53 children who had a diagnosis of CRC. FUTURE PLANS: The cohort will be used for long-term studies of CRC epidemiology with focus on clinicopathological factors and molecular markers. These data will be correlated with the most up-to-date follow-up data.