Choroidal and retinal thickness variations in ocular albinism

PURPOSE: To study the retinal and choroidal thickness variations on enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography scans in ocular albinism (OA) and compare with age-matched healthy subjects. METHODS: This retrospective observational study had 48 eyes of 24 patients diagnosed clinically as OA and age, sex, and axial length-matched control healthy subjects. All patients underwent detailed ophthalmic examination and a single-line horizontal-raster enhanced depth imaging – optical coherence tomography scan (Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering). Retinal and choroidal thickness was measured, compared, and analyzed between the two groups. Mann–Whitney U test was used for analysis between the two groups. P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The mean age was 28.3 ± 11.6 and 29.9 ± 10.6 years in the OA group and control group, respectively. Spherical equivalents ranged from −8.5D to +10.5D in the OA group and from −8.0D to +10.0D in the control group. The mean axial length between the two groups (P = 0.652) were comparable. The average retinal thickness (272 ± 34.3 vs. 213 ± 13.8 mm; P < 0.001) was greater in the OA group as compared to controls. The mean choroidal thickness (184 ± 78.4 vs. 287 ± 46.4 mm; P < 0.001) was significantly thinner in the OA group. CONCLUSION: Acquisition of OCT scans in OA can be challenging. This study showed that the subfoveal retinal thickness and choroidal thickness measured across the scans were significantly different in the OA group compared to controls. In the future, more studies are required to evaluate the role of the choroid and its relationship to emmetropization in albinism.