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Mechanoimmunology: Are inflammatory epigenetic states of macrophages tuned by biophysical factors?

Many inflammatory diseases that are responsible for a majority of deaths are still uncurable, in part as the underpinning pathomechanisms and how to combat them is still poorly understood. Tissue-resident macrophages play pivotal roles in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, but if they gradually...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jain, Nikhil, Lord, Janet M., Vogel, Viola
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: AIP Publishing LLC 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9427154/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36051106
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0087699
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author Jain, Nikhil
Lord, Janet M.
Vogel, Viola
author_facet Jain, Nikhil
Lord, Janet M.
Vogel, Viola
author_sort Jain, Nikhil
collection PubMed
description Many inflammatory diseases that are responsible for a majority of deaths are still uncurable, in part as the underpinning pathomechanisms and how to combat them is still poorly understood. Tissue-resident macrophages play pivotal roles in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, but if they gradually convert to proinflammatory phenotypes, or if blood-born proinflammatory macrophages persist long-term after activation, they contribute to chronic inflammation and fibrosis. While biochemical factors and how they regulate the inflammatory transcriptional response of macrophages have been at the forefront of research to identify targets for therapeutic interventions, evidence is increasing that physical factors also tune the macrophage phenotype. Recently, several mechanisms have emerged as to how physical factors impact the mechanobiology of macrophages, from the nuclear translocation of transcription factors to epigenetic modifications, perhaps even DNA methylation. Insight into the mechanobiology of macrophages and associated epigenetic modifications will deliver novel therapeutic options going forward, particularly in the context of increased inflammation with advancing age and age-related diseases. We review here how biophysical factors can co-regulate pro-inflammatory gene expression and epigenetic modifications and identify knowledge gaps that require urgent attention if this therapeutic potential is to be realized.
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spelling pubmed-94271542022-08-31 Mechanoimmunology: Are inflammatory epigenetic states of macrophages tuned by biophysical factors? Jain, Nikhil Lord, Janet M. Vogel, Viola APL Bioeng Reviews Many inflammatory diseases that are responsible for a majority of deaths are still uncurable, in part as the underpinning pathomechanisms and how to combat them is still poorly understood. Tissue-resident macrophages play pivotal roles in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, but if they gradually convert to proinflammatory phenotypes, or if blood-born proinflammatory macrophages persist long-term after activation, they contribute to chronic inflammation and fibrosis. While biochemical factors and how they regulate the inflammatory transcriptional response of macrophages have been at the forefront of research to identify targets for therapeutic interventions, evidence is increasing that physical factors also tune the macrophage phenotype. Recently, several mechanisms have emerged as to how physical factors impact the mechanobiology of macrophages, from the nuclear translocation of transcription factors to epigenetic modifications, perhaps even DNA methylation. Insight into the mechanobiology of macrophages and associated epigenetic modifications will deliver novel therapeutic options going forward, particularly in the context of increased inflammation with advancing age and age-related diseases. We review here how biophysical factors can co-regulate pro-inflammatory gene expression and epigenetic modifications and identify knowledge gaps that require urgent attention if this therapeutic potential is to be realized. AIP Publishing LLC 2022-08-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9427154/ /pubmed/36051106 http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0087699 Text en © 2022 Author(s). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ).
spellingShingle Reviews
Jain, Nikhil
Lord, Janet M.
Vogel, Viola
Mechanoimmunology: Are inflammatory epigenetic states of macrophages tuned by biophysical factors?
title Mechanoimmunology: Are inflammatory epigenetic states of macrophages tuned by biophysical factors?
title_full Mechanoimmunology: Are inflammatory epigenetic states of macrophages tuned by biophysical factors?
title_fullStr Mechanoimmunology: Are inflammatory epigenetic states of macrophages tuned by biophysical factors?
title_full_unstemmed Mechanoimmunology: Are inflammatory epigenetic states of macrophages tuned by biophysical factors?
title_short Mechanoimmunology: Are inflammatory epigenetic states of macrophages tuned by biophysical factors?
title_sort mechanoimmunology: are inflammatory epigenetic states of macrophages tuned by biophysical factors?
topic Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9427154/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36051106
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0087699
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