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Study on the production of high 3HV content PHBV via an open fermentation with waste silkworm excrement as the carbon source by the haloarchaeon Haloferax mediterranei
Silkworm excrement is hard to be degraded or bio-utilized by environmental microorganisms due to its high content of heavy metals and antimicrobial biomacromolecules in mulberry leaves. In traditional Chinese silk industry, the silkworm excrement results in environmental problems. In this study, the...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9432822/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36060764 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.981605 |
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author | Cai, Shuangfeng Wu, Yaran Liu, Runjie Jia, Hongzhe Qiu, Yunxiao Jiang, Min Ma, Yuwen Yang, Xingxu Zhang, Siyu Zhao, Yan Cai, Lei |
author_facet | Cai, Shuangfeng Wu, Yaran Liu, Runjie Jia, Hongzhe Qiu, Yunxiao Jiang, Min Ma, Yuwen Yang, Xingxu Zhang, Siyu Zhao, Yan Cai, Lei |
author_sort | Cai, Shuangfeng |
collection | PubMed |
description | Silkworm excrement is hard to be degraded or bio-utilized by environmental microorganisms due to its high content of heavy metals and antimicrobial biomacromolecules in mulberry leaves. In traditional Chinese silk industry, the silkworm excrement results in environmental problems. In this study, the silkworm excrement after chlorophyll ethanol-extraction was researched. An open fermentation strategy was developed using the silkworm excrement as the sole or partial carbon source by haloarchaea to accumulate polyhydroxyalkanoates. As a haloarchaeon with strong carbon source utilization ability, Haloferax mediterranei was found to accumulate a certain amount of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate; PHBV) using waste silkworm excrement. The results showed that the addition of silkworm excrement into glucose based fermentation medium can significantly improve the production of PHBV. Using a mixture carbon source including the extract of silkworm excrement and glucose (with a 1:1 carbon content ratio), the yield of PHBV was 1.73 ± 0.12 g/l, which showed a 26% increase than that of fermentation without the silkworm excrement addition. When the NaCl content of medium was set to approximately 15%, fermentation without sterilization was performed using silkworm excrement as the carbon source. Moreover, the addition of the silkworm excrement extract could increase the 3-hydroxyvalerate (3 HV) content of PHBV regardless of the sterilization or non-sterilization fermentation conditions. When using silkworm excrement as the sole carbon source, the 3 HV content was as high as 16.37 ± 0.54 mol %. The real-time quantitative PCR results showed that the addition of the silkworm excrement could specifically enhance the expression of genes involved in the aspartate/2-ketobutyric acid pathway related to 3 HV synthesis in H. mediterranei, and further analysis of the amino acid of the silkworm excrement suggested that the high content of threonine in the silkworm excrement might be the reason for the increase of 3 HV content. Taken together, the success of non-sterile fermentation in hypersaline condition using haloarchaea implied a novel way to reuse the silkworm excrement, which not only reduces the production costs of PHBV, but also is conducive to environmental protection. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9432822 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94328222022-09-01 Study on the production of high 3HV content PHBV via an open fermentation with waste silkworm excrement as the carbon source by the haloarchaeon Haloferax mediterranei Cai, Shuangfeng Wu, Yaran Liu, Runjie Jia, Hongzhe Qiu, Yunxiao Jiang, Min Ma, Yuwen Yang, Xingxu Zhang, Siyu Zhao, Yan Cai, Lei Front Microbiol Microbiology Silkworm excrement is hard to be degraded or bio-utilized by environmental microorganisms due to its high content of heavy metals and antimicrobial biomacromolecules in mulberry leaves. In traditional Chinese silk industry, the silkworm excrement results in environmental problems. In this study, the silkworm excrement after chlorophyll ethanol-extraction was researched. An open fermentation strategy was developed using the silkworm excrement as the sole or partial carbon source by haloarchaea to accumulate polyhydroxyalkanoates. As a haloarchaeon with strong carbon source utilization ability, Haloferax mediterranei was found to accumulate a certain amount of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate; PHBV) using waste silkworm excrement. The results showed that the addition of silkworm excrement into glucose based fermentation medium can significantly improve the production of PHBV. Using a mixture carbon source including the extract of silkworm excrement and glucose (with a 1:1 carbon content ratio), the yield of PHBV was 1.73 ± 0.12 g/l, which showed a 26% increase than that of fermentation without the silkworm excrement addition. When the NaCl content of medium was set to approximately 15%, fermentation without sterilization was performed using silkworm excrement as the carbon source. Moreover, the addition of the silkworm excrement extract could increase the 3-hydroxyvalerate (3 HV) content of PHBV regardless of the sterilization or non-sterilization fermentation conditions. When using silkworm excrement as the sole carbon source, the 3 HV content was as high as 16.37 ± 0.54 mol %. The real-time quantitative PCR results showed that the addition of the silkworm excrement could specifically enhance the expression of genes involved in the aspartate/2-ketobutyric acid pathway related to 3 HV synthesis in H. mediterranei, and further analysis of the amino acid of the silkworm excrement suggested that the high content of threonine in the silkworm excrement might be the reason for the increase of 3 HV content. Taken together, the success of non-sterile fermentation in hypersaline condition using haloarchaea implied a novel way to reuse the silkworm excrement, which not only reduces the production costs of PHBV, but also is conducive to environmental protection. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-08-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9432822/ /pubmed/36060764 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.981605 Text en Copyright © 2022 Cai, Wu, Liu, Jia, Qiu, Jiang, Ma, Yang, Zhang, Zhao and Cai. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Cai, Shuangfeng Wu, Yaran Liu, Runjie Jia, Hongzhe Qiu, Yunxiao Jiang, Min Ma, Yuwen Yang, Xingxu Zhang, Siyu Zhao, Yan Cai, Lei Study on the production of high 3HV content PHBV via an open fermentation with waste silkworm excrement as the carbon source by the haloarchaeon Haloferax mediterranei |
title | Study on the production of high 3HV content PHBV via an open fermentation with waste silkworm excrement as the carbon source by the haloarchaeon Haloferax mediterranei |
title_full | Study on the production of high 3HV content PHBV via an open fermentation with waste silkworm excrement as the carbon source by the haloarchaeon Haloferax mediterranei |
title_fullStr | Study on the production of high 3HV content PHBV via an open fermentation with waste silkworm excrement as the carbon source by the haloarchaeon Haloferax mediterranei |
title_full_unstemmed | Study on the production of high 3HV content PHBV via an open fermentation with waste silkworm excrement as the carbon source by the haloarchaeon Haloferax mediterranei |
title_short | Study on the production of high 3HV content PHBV via an open fermentation with waste silkworm excrement as the carbon source by the haloarchaeon Haloferax mediterranei |
title_sort | study on the production of high 3hv content phbv via an open fermentation with waste silkworm excrement as the carbon source by the haloarchaeon haloferax mediterranei |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9432822/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36060764 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.981605 |
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