Einfluss des Rauchens auf den Gastrointestinaltrakt: Spektrum der Befunde

BACKGROUND: Nicotine is a highly addictive drug that, if consumed regularly, can result in chronic or incurable diseases and a reduced quality of life. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review is to describe the possible health consequences of smoking on the gastrointestinal tract and to provide an overview of related neoplastic and nonneoplastic gastrointestinal diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on an extensive literature review, the current knowledge about smoker-associated diseases of the gastrointestinal tract is summarized. RESULTS: Smoking is a significant risk factor for the development of neoplastic and nonneoplastic diseases within the entire gastrointestinal tract. However, they are not associated with specific, smoking-associated radiologic imaging features. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of a smoker’s history and possible consequences of nicotine on the gastrointestinal tract can help in the interpretation of radiological images and improve diagnostic decision-making skills and accuracy.