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A Tunable, Simplified Model for Biological Latch Mediated Spring Actuated Systems
We develop a model of latch-mediated spring actuated (LaMSA) systems relevant to comparative biomechanics and bioinspired design. The model contains five components: two motors (muscles), a spring, a latch, and a load mass. One motor loads the spring to store elastic energy and the second motor subs...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9434652/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36060863 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iob/obac032 |
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author | Cook, Andrés Pandhigunta, Kaanthi Acevedo, Mason A Walker, Adam Didcock, Rosalie L Castro, Jackson T O’Neill, Declan Acharya, Raghav Bhamla, M Saad Anderson, Philip S L Ilton, Mark |
author_facet | Cook, Andrés Pandhigunta, Kaanthi Acevedo, Mason A Walker, Adam Didcock, Rosalie L Castro, Jackson T O’Neill, Declan Acharya, Raghav Bhamla, M Saad Anderson, Philip S L Ilton, Mark |
author_sort | Cook, Andrés |
collection | PubMed |
description | We develop a model of latch-mediated spring actuated (LaMSA) systems relevant to comparative biomechanics and bioinspired design. The model contains five components: two motors (muscles), a spring, a latch, and a load mass. One motor loads the spring to store elastic energy and the second motor subsequently removes the latch, which releases the spring and causes movement of the load mass. We develop freely available software to accompany the model, which provides an extensible framework for simulating LaMSA systems. Output from the simulation includes information from the loading and release phases of motion, which can be used to calculate kinematic performance metrics that are important for biomechanical function. In parallel, we simulate a comparable, directly actuated system that uses the same motor and mass combinations as the LaMSA simulations. By rapidly iterating through biologically relevant input parameters to the model, simulated kinematic performance differences between LaMSA and directly actuated systems can be used to explore the evolutionary dynamics of biological LaMSA systems and uncover design principles for bioinspired LaMSA systems. As proof of principle of this concept, we compare a LaMSA simulation to a directly actuated simulation that includes either a Hill-type force-velocity trade-off or muscle activation dynamics, or both. For the biologically-relevant range of parameters explored, we find that the muscle force-velocity trade-off and muscle activation have similar effects on directly actuated performance. Including both of these dynamic muscle properties increases the accelerated mass range where a LaMSA system outperforms a directly actuated one. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9434652 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94346522022-09-01 A Tunable, Simplified Model for Biological Latch Mediated Spring Actuated Systems Cook, Andrés Pandhigunta, Kaanthi Acevedo, Mason A Walker, Adam Didcock, Rosalie L Castro, Jackson T O’Neill, Declan Acharya, Raghav Bhamla, M Saad Anderson, Philip S L Ilton, Mark Integr Org Biol Article We develop a model of latch-mediated spring actuated (LaMSA) systems relevant to comparative biomechanics and bioinspired design. The model contains five components: two motors (muscles), a spring, a latch, and a load mass. One motor loads the spring to store elastic energy and the second motor subsequently removes the latch, which releases the spring and causes movement of the load mass. We develop freely available software to accompany the model, which provides an extensible framework for simulating LaMSA systems. Output from the simulation includes information from the loading and release phases of motion, which can be used to calculate kinematic performance metrics that are important for biomechanical function. In parallel, we simulate a comparable, directly actuated system that uses the same motor and mass combinations as the LaMSA simulations. By rapidly iterating through biologically relevant input parameters to the model, simulated kinematic performance differences between LaMSA and directly actuated systems can be used to explore the evolutionary dynamics of biological LaMSA systems and uncover design principles for bioinspired LaMSA systems. As proof of principle of this concept, we compare a LaMSA simulation to a directly actuated simulation that includes either a Hill-type force-velocity trade-off or muscle activation dynamics, or both. For the biologically-relevant range of parameters explored, we find that the muscle force-velocity trade-off and muscle activation have similar effects on directly actuated performance. Including both of these dynamic muscle properties increases the accelerated mass range where a LaMSA system outperforms a directly actuated one. Oxford University Press 2022-07-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9434652/ /pubmed/36060863 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iob/obac032 Text en © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Article Cook, Andrés Pandhigunta, Kaanthi Acevedo, Mason A Walker, Adam Didcock, Rosalie L Castro, Jackson T O’Neill, Declan Acharya, Raghav Bhamla, M Saad Anderson, Philip S L Ilton, Mark A Tunable, Simplified Model for Biological Latch Mediated Spring Actuated Systems |
title | A Tunable, Simplified Model for Biological Latch Mediated Spring Actuated Systems |
title_full | A Tunable, Simplified Model for Biological Latch Mediated Spring Actuated Systems |
title_fullStr | A Tunable, Simplified Model for Biological Latch Mediated Spring Actuated Systems |
title_full_unstemmed | A Tunable, Simplified Model for Biological Latch Mediated Spring Actuated Systems |
title_short | A Tunable, Simplified Model for Biological Latch Mediated Spring Actuated Systems |
title_sort | tunable, simplified model for biological latch mediated spring actuated systems |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9434652/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36060863 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iob/obac032 |
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