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Transient and resident pathogens: Intra-facility genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella from food production environments

Food production facilities are often routinely tested over time for the presence of foodborne pathogens (e.g., Listeria monocytogenes or Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica). Strains detected in a single sampling event can be classified as transient; positive findings of the same strain across multi...

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Autores principales: Pettengill, James B., Rand, Hugh, Wang, Shizhen S., Kautter, Donald, Pightling, Arthur, Wang, Yu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9436056/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36048885
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268470
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author Pettengill, James B.
Rand, Hugh
Wang, Shizhen S.
Kautter, Donald
Pightling, Arthur
Wang, Yu
author_facet Pettengill, James B.
Rand, Hugh
Wang, Shizhen S.
Kautter, Donald
Pightling, Arthur
Wang, Yu
author_sort Pettengill, James B.
collection PubMed
description Food production facilities are often routinely tested over time for the presence of foodborne pathogens (e.g., Listeria monocytogenes or Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica). Strains detected in a single sampling event can be classified as transient; positive findings of the same strain across multiple sampling events can be classified as resident pathogens. We analyzed whole-genome sequence (WGS) data from 4,758 isolates (L. monocytogenes = 3,685; Salmonella = 1,073) from environmental samples taken by FDA from 536 U.S. facilities. Our primary objective was to determine the frequency of transient or resident pathogens within food production facilities. Strains were defined as isolates from the same facility that are less than 50 SNP (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) different from one another. Resident pathogens were defined as strains that had more than one isolate collected >59 days apart and from the same facility. We found 1,076 strains (median = 1 and maximum = 21 strains per facility); 180 were resident pathogens, 659 were transient, and 237 came from facilities that had only been sampled once. As a result, 21% of strains (180/ 839) from facilities with positive findings and that were sampled multiple times were found to be resident pathogens; nearly 1 in 4 (23%) of L. monocytogenes strains were found to be resident pathogens compared to 1 in 6 (16%) of Salmonella strains. Our results emphasize the critical importance of preventing the colonization of food production environments by foodborne pathogens, since when colonization does occur, there is an appreciable chance it will become a resident pathogen that presents an ongoing potential to contaminate product.
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spelling pubmed-94360562022-09-02 Transient and resident pathogens: Intra-facility genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella from food production environments Pettengill, James B. Rand, Hugh Wang, Shizhen S. Kautter, Donald Pightling, Arthur Wang, Yu PLoS One Research Article Food production facilities are often routinely tested over time for the presence of foodborne pathogens (e.g., Listeria monocytogenes or Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica). Strains detected in a single sampling event can be classified as transient; positive findings of the same strain across multiple sampling events can be classified as resident pathogens. We analyzed whole-genome sequence (WGS) data from 4,758 isolates (L. monocytogenes = 3,685; Salmonella = 1,073) from environmental samples taken by FDA from 536 U.S. facilities. Our primary objective was to determine the frequency of transient or resident pathogens within food production facilities. Strains were defined as isolates from the same facility that are less than 50 SNP (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) different from one another. Resident pathogens were defined as strains that had more than one isolate collected >59 days apart and from the same facility. We found 1,076 strains (median = 1 and maximum = 21 strains per facility); 180 were resident pathogens, 659 were transient, and 237 came from facilities that had only been sampled once. As a result, 21% of strains (180/ 839) from facilities with positive findings and that were sampled multiple times were found to be resident pathogens; nearly 1 in 4 (23%) of L. monocytogenes strains were found to be resident pathogens compared to 1 in 6 (16%) of Salmonella strains. Our results emphasize the critical importance of preventing the colonization of food production environments by foodborne pathogens, since when colonization does occur, there is an appreciable chance it will become a resident pathogen that presents an ongoing potential to contaminate product. Public Library of Science 2022-09-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9436056/ /pubmed/36048885 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268470 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
Pettengill, James B.
Rand, Hugh
Wang, Shizhen S.
Kautter, Donald
Pightling, Arthur
Wang, Yu
Transient and resident pathogens: Intra-facility genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella from food production environments
title Transient and resident pathogens: Intra-facility genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella from food production environments
title_full Transient and resident pathogens: Intra-facility genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella from food production environments
title_fullStr Transient and resident pathogens: Intra-facility genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella from food production environments
title_full_unstemmed Transient and resident pathogens: Intra-facility genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella from food production environments
title_short Transient and resident pathogens: Intra-facility genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella from food production environments
title_sort transient and resident pathogens: intra-facility genetic diversity of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella from food production environments
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9436056/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36048885
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268470
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