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Evolution and consequences of individual responses during the COVID-19 outbreak
In a long-lasting major disease outbreak such as that of COVID-19, the challenge for public health authorities is to keep people motivated and keen on following safety guidelines. In this study, a compartmental model with a heterogeneous transmission rate (based on awareness) is utilized to hypothes...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9436131/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36048847 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273964 |
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author | Abbas, Wasim M. A., Masud Park, Anna Parveen, Sajida Kim, Sangil |
author_facet | Abbas, Wasim M. A., Masud Park, Anna Parveen, Sajida Kim, Sangil |
author_sort | Abbas, Wasim |
collection | PubMed |
description | In a long-lasting major disease outbreak such as that of COVID-19, the challenge for public health authorities is to keep people motivated and keen on following safety guidelines. In this study, a compartmental model with a heterogeneous transmission rate (based on awareness) is utilized to hypothesize about the public adoption of preventive guidelines. Three subsequent outbreaks in South Korea, Pakistan, and Japan were analyzed as case studies. The transmission, behavior change, and behavioral change ease rates of the disease were measured in these countries. The parameters were estimated using the maximum likelihood method with an additional identifiability analysis performed to determine the uniqueness of the estimated parameters for quantitatively comparing them during the first three waves of COVID-19. The mathematical analysis and simulation results show that individual responses had a significant effect on the outbreak. Individuals declining to follow the public health guidelines in Korea and Japan between the second and third waves contributed to making the third peak the highest of the three peaks. In Pakistan, however, individual responses to following public health guidelines were maintained between the second and third waves, resulting in the third peak being lower than the first, rather than being associated with the highest transmission rate. Thus, maintaining a high level of awareness is critical for containing the spread. Improvised public health campaigns are recommended to sustain individual attention and maintain a high level of awareness. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9436131 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94361312022-09-02 Evolution and consequences of individual responses during the COVID-19 outbreak Abbas, Wasim M. A., Masud Park, Anna Parveen, Sajida Kim, Sangil PLoS One Research Article In a long-lasting major disease outbreak such as that of COVID-19, the challenge for public health authorities is to keep people motivated and keen on following safety guidelines. In this study, a compartmental model with a heterogeneous transmission rate (based on awareness) is utilized to hypothesize about the public adoption of preventive guidelines. Three subsequent outbreaks in South Korea, Pakistan, and Japan were analyzed as case studies. The transmission, behavior change, and behavioral change ease rates of the disease were measured in these countries. The parameters were estimated using the maximum likelihood method with an additional identifiability analysis performed to determine the uniqueness of the estimated parameters for quantitatively comparing them during the first three waves of COVID-19. The mathematical analysis and simulation results show that individual responses had a significant effect on the outbreak. Individuals declining to follow the public health guidelines in Korea and Japan between the second and third waves contributed to making the third peak the highest of the three peaks. In Pakistan, however, individual responses to following public health guidelines were maintained between the second and third waves, resulting in the third peak being lower than the first, rather than being associated with the highest transmission rate. Thus, maintaining a high level of awareness is critical for containing the spread. Improvised public health campaigns are recommended to sustain individual attention and maintain a high level of awareness. Public Library of Science 2022-09-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9436131/ /pubmed/36048847 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273964 Text en © 2022 Abbas et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Abbas, Wasim M. A., Masud Park, Anna Parveen, Sajida Kim, Sangil Evolution and consequences of individual responses during the COVID-19 outbreak |
title | Evolution and consequences of individual responses during the COVID-19 outbreak |
title_full | Evolution and consequences of individual responses during the COVID-19 outbreak |
title_fullStr | Evolution and consequences of individual responses during the COVID-19 outbreak |
title_full_unstemmed | Evolution and consequences of individual responses during the COVID-19 outbreak |
title_short | Evolution and consequences of individual responses during the COVID-19 outbreak |
title_sort | evolution and consequences of individual responses during the covid-19 outbreak |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9436131/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36048847 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273964 |
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