Recurrence of renal cell carcinoma after simultaneous radical nephrectomy and cadaver renal transplant

INTRODUCTION: Generally, renal transplantation is contraindicated in cancer patients, and a certain follow‐up period is required. We report a case of late recurrence of renal cell carcinoma in a patient who underwent simultaneous radical nephrectomy and cadaver renal transplantation due to renal cell carcinoma observed during renal transplantation after 12 years. CASE PRESENTATION: Incidental renal cell carcinoma was found in a 48‐year‐old man during kidney transplantation who subsequently underwent simultaneous cadaver kidney transplantation and radical nephrectomy. Twelve years after transplantation, he developed an anterior mediastinal tumor, a lung tumor which was resected and a right adrenal gland mass which was resected along with the right kidney. Currently, he is being treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors owing to the metastasis in the left adrenal gland. CONCLUSION: In patients with metastatic carcinoma undergoing renal transplant, the indications for surgical procedures and choice of immunosuppressants should be carefully considered.