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Metabolic profiling reveals new serum signatures to discriminate lupus nephritis from systemic lupus erythematosus

BACKGROUND: Lupus nephritis (LN) occurs in 50% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), causing considerable morbidity and even mortality. Previous studies had shown the potential of metabolic profiling in the diagnosis of SLE or LN. However, few metabonomics studies have attempted to di...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Yamei, Gan, Lingling, Tang, Jie, Liu, Dan, Chen, Gang, Xu, Bei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9437530/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36059469
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.967371
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author Zhang, Yamei
Gan, Lingling
Tang, Jie
Liu, Dan
Chen, Gang
Xu, Bei
author_facet Zhang, Yamei
Gan, Lingling
Tang, Jie
Liu, Dan
Chen, Gang
Xu, Bei
author_sort Zhang, Yamei
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Lupus nephritis (LN) occurs in 50% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), causing considerable morbidity and even mortality. Previous studies had shown the potential of metabolic profiling in the diagnosis of SLE or LN. However, few metabonomics studies have attempted to distinguish SLE from LN based on metabolic changes. The current study was designed to find new candidate serum signatures that could differentiate LN from SLE patients using a non-targeted metabonomics method based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). METHOD: Metabolic profiling of sera obtained from 21 healthy controls, 52 SLE patients and 43 LN patients. We used SPSS 25.0 for statistical analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and metabolic pathway analysis were used to analyze the metabolic data. RESULTS: Upon comparison of SLE and LN groups, 28 differential metabolites were detected, the majority of which were lipids and amino acids. Glycerolphospholipid metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions and porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism were obviously enriched in LN patients versus those with SLE. Among the 28 characteristic metabolites, five key serum metabolites including SM d34:2, DG (18:3(9Z,12Z,15Z)/20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)/0:0), nervonic acid, Cer-NS d27:4, and PC (18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)/18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z) performed higher diagnostic performance in discriminating LN from SLE (all AUC > 0.75). Moreover, combined analysis of neuritic acid, C1q, and CysC (AUC = 0.916) produced the best combined diagnosis. CONCLUSION: This study identified five serum metabolites that are potential indicators for the differential diagnosis of SLE and LN. Glycerolphospholipid metabolism may play an important role in the development of SLE to LN. The metabolites we screened can provide more references for the diagnosis of LN and more support for the pathophysiological study of SLE progressed to LN.
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spelling pubmed-94375302022-09-03 Metabolic profiling reveals new serum signatures to discriminate lupus nephritis from systemic lupus erythematosus Zhang, Yamei Gan, Lingling Tang, Jie Liu, Dan Chen, Gang Xu, Bei Front Immunol Immunology BACKGROUND: Lupus nephritis (LN) occurs in 50% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), causing considerable morbidity and even mortality. Previous studies had shown the potential of metabolic profiling in the diagnosis of SLE or LN. However, few metabonomics studies have attempted to distinguish SLE from LN based on metabolic changes. The current study was designed to find new candidate serum signatures that could differentiate LN from SLE patients using a non-targeted metabonomics method based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). METHOD: Metabolic profiling of sera obtained from 21 healthy controls, 52 SLE patients and 43 LN patients. We used SPSS 25.0 for statistical analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and metabolic pathway analysis were used to analyze the metabolic data. RESULTS: Upon comparison of SLE and LN groups, 28 differential metabolites were detected, the majority of which were lipids and amino acids. Glycerolphospholipid metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions and porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism were obviously enriched in LN patients versus those with SLE. Among the 28 characteristic metabolites, five key serum metabolites including SM d34:2, DG (18:3(9Z,12Z,15Z)/20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)/0:0), nervonic acid, Cer-NS d27:4, and PC (18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)/18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z) performed higher diagnostic performance in discriminating LN from SLE (all AUC > 0.75). Moreover, combined analysis of neuritic acid, C1q, and CysC (AUC = 0.916) produced the best combined diagnosis. CONCLUSION: This study identified five serum metabolites that are potential indicators for the differential diagnosis of SLE and LN. Glycerolphospholipid metabolism may play an important role in the development of SLE to LN. The metabolites we screened can provide more references for the diagnosis of LN and more support for the pathophysiological study of SLE progressed to LN. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-08-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9437530/ /pubmed/36059469 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.967371 Text en Copyright © 2022 Zhang, Gan, Tang, Liu, Chen and Xu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Zhang, Yamei
Gan, Lingling
Tang, Jie
Liu, Dan
Chen, Gang
Xu, Bei
Metabolic profiling reveals new serum signatures to discriminate lupus nephritis from systemic lupus erythematosus
title Metabolic profiling reveals new serum signatures to discriminate lupus nephritis from systemic lupus erythematosus
title_full Metabolic profiling reveals new serum signatures to discriminate lupus nephritis from systemic lupus erythematosus
title_fullStr Metabolic profiling reveals new serum signatures to discriminate lupus nephritis from systemic lupus erythematosus
title_full_unstemmed Metabolic profiling reveals new serum signatures to discriminate lupus nephritis from systemic lupus erythematosus
title_short Metabolic profiling reveals new serum signatures to discriminate lupus nephritis from systemic lupus erythematosus
title_sort metabolic profiling reveals new serum signatures to discriminate lupus nephritis from systemic lupus erythematosus
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9437530/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36059469
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.967371
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