Using WhatsApp During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Emotions and Perceptions of Users

BACKGROUND: Social media is an integral part of daily life as people are exposed to considerable amounts of information via social media. In particular, WhatsApp is a messaging application used for sharing information and keeping in touch with individuals and groups. It is a platform considered appropriate for expressing emotions. PURPOSE: This study analyzed a WhatsApp group of friends in Saudi Arabia and their messages regarding the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic during the first wave of infections to capture their attitudes, emotions, and perceptions related to the pandemic. We also investigated WhatsApp usage during COVID-19. METHODS AND PARTICIPANTS: A quantitative exploratory study and qualitative content analysis of a sample of WhatsApp group interactions during the pandemic in Saudi Arabia were combined. RESULTS: We found that WhatsApp was used more frequently than other social media platforms for communication with family and friends. Moreover, denial was the first behavior evident at the beginning of the pandemic, followed by hope, sadness, and anxiety, and then, panic, fear, and happiness. CONCLUSION: WhatsApp affects its users’ attitudes, perceptions, and behavior just as much as any other social media. Posts and comments shared on WhatsApp reflected different emotions, ranging from fear, anger, and sadness to hope, happiness, and pride.