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Endothelium, Platelets, and Coagulation Factors as the Three Vital Components for Diagnosing Bleeding Disorders: A Simplified Perspective with Clinical Relevance

Bleeding disorders are a major group of hematological disorders, which are highly prevalent in the world. Excessive bleeding can result in serious consequences including hypoperfusion and cardiac arrest. The body has its selfmechanism to control excessive bleeding which is termed hemostasis. Hemosta...

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Autores principales: Bhattarai, Abhinav, Shah, Sangam, Bagherieh, Sara, Mirmosayyeb, Omid, Thapa, Sangharsha, Paudel, Sandip, Gyawali, Pawan, Khanal, Pitambar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9440837/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36101812
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5369001
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author Bhattarai, Abhinav
Shah, Sangam
Bagherieh, Sara
Mirmosayyeb, Omid
Thapa, Sangharsha
Paudel, Sandip
Gyawali, Pawan
Khanal, Pitambar
author_facet Bhattarai, Abhinav
Shah, Sangam
Bagherieh, Sara
Mirmosayyeb, Omid
Thapa, Sangharsha
Paudel, Sandip
Gyawali, Pawan
Khanal, Pitambar
author_sort Bhattarai, Abhinav
collection PubMed
description Bleeding disorders are a major group of hematological disorders, which are highly prevalent in the world. Excessive bleeding can result in serious consequences including hypoperfusion and cardiac arrest. The body has its selfmechanism to control excessive bleeding which is termed hemostasis. Hemostasis is achieved in two major steps, the formation of the primary and secondary hemostatic plugs. Endothelium, platelets, and coagulation factors are three components involved in hemostasis. Endothelium and platelets have a major role in forming the primary hemostatic plug. Consequently, the first step in investigating a bleeding disorder is platelet count. Despite normal platelet count, abnormality in the primary hemostatic plug may arise due to functional defects of the platelets including adhesion, activation, and aggregation. Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is an endothelial defect and the most prevalent inherited defect in coagulation. Abnormalities in the secondary hemostatic plug are largely due to coagulation factor deficiencies, and, to a lesser extent, the presence of inhibitors. Techniques involving viscoelastics have been aiding in rapid diagnosis and are useful in point-of-care testing. This article discusses the investigation of bleeding disorders from the perspective of the endothelium, platelet, and coagulation factor physiology. These three components should be properly investigated to achieve the definitive diagnosis of bleeding disorders.
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spelling pubmed-94408372022-09-12 Endothelium, Platelets, and Coagulation Factors as the Three Vital Components for Diagnosing Bleeding Disorders: A Simplified Perspective with Clinical Relevance Bhattarai, Abhinav Shah, Sangam Bagherieh, Sara Mirmosayyeb, Omid Thapa, Sangharsha Paudel, Sandip Gyawali, Pawan Khanal, Pitambar Int J Clin Pract Review Article Bleeding disorders are a major group of hematological disorders, which are highly prevalent in the world. Excessive bleeding can result in serious consequences including hypoperfusion and cardiac arrest. The body has its selfmechanism to control excessive bleeding which is termed hemostasis. Hemostasis is achieved in two major steps, the formation of the primary and secondary hemostatic plugs. Endothelium, platelets, and coagulation factors are three components involved in hemostasis. Endothelium and platelets have a major role in forming the primary hemostatic plug. Consequently, the first step in investigating a bleeding disorder is platelet count. Despite normal platelet count, abnormality in the primary hemostatic plug may arise due to functional defects of the platelets including adhesion, activation, and aggregation. Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is an endothelial defect and the most prevalent inherited defect in coagulation. Abnormalities in the secondary hemostatic plug are largely due to coagulation factor deficiencies, and, to a lesser extent, the presence of inhibitors. Techniques involving viscoelastics have been aiding in rapid diagnosis and are useful in point-of-care testing. This article discusses the investigation of bleeding disorders from the perspective of the endothelium, platelet, and coagulation factor physiology. These three components should be properly investigated to achieve the definitive diagnosis of bleeding disorders. Hindawi 2022-08-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9440837/ /pubmed/36101812 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5369001 Text en Copyright © 2022 Abhinav Bhattarai et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Bhattarai, Abhinav
Shah, Sangam
Bagherieh, Sara
Mirmosayyeb, Omid
Thapa, Sangharsha
Paudel, Sandip
Gyawali, Pawan
Khanal, Pitambar
Endothelium, Platelets, and Coagulation Factors as the Three Vital Components for Diagnosing Bleeding Disorders: A Simplified Perspective with Clinical Relevance
title Endothelium, Platelets, and Coagulation Factors as the Three Vital Components for Diagnosing Bleeding Disorders: A Simplified Perspective with Clinical Relevance
title_full Endothelium, Platelets, and Coagulation Factors as the Three Vital Components for Diagnosing Bleeding Disorders: A Simplified Perspective with Clinical Relevance
title_fullStr Endothelium, Platelets, and Coagulation Factors as the Three Vital Components for Diagnosing Bleeding Disorders: A Simplified Perspective with Clinical Relevance
title_full_unstemmed Endothelium, Platelets, and Coagulation Factors as the Three Vital Components for Diagnosing Bleeding Disorders: A Simplified Perspective with Clinical Relevance
title_short Endothelium, Platelets, and Coagulation Factors as the Three Vital Components for Diagnosing Bleeding Disorders: A Simplified Perspective with Clinical Relevance
title_sort endothelium, platelets, and coagulation factors as the three vital components for diagnosing bleeding disorders: a simplified perspective with clinical relevance
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9440837/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36101812
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5369001
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