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Leptolysin, a Leptospira secreted metalloprotease of the pappalysin family with broad-spectrum activity

Extracellular proteolytic enzymes are produced by a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, and contribute to host colonization by modulating virulence. Here, we present a first characterization of leptolysin, a Leptospira metalloprotease of the pappalysin family identified in a previous exoproteomic...

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Autores principales: Courrol, Daniella dos Santos, da Silva, Cristiane Castilho Fernandes, Prado, Luan Gavião, Chura-Chambi, Rosa Maria, Morganti, Ligia, de Souza, Gisele Oliveira, Heinemann, Marcos Bryan, Isaac, Lourdes, Conte, Fernando Paiva, Portaro, Fernanda Calheta Vieira, Rodrigues-da-Silva, Rodrigo Nunes, Barbosa, Angela Silva
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9445424/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36081769
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.966370
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author Courrol, Daniella dos Santos
da Silva, Cristiane Castilho Fernandes
Prado, Luan Gavião
Chura-Chambi, Rosa Maria
Morganti, Ligia
de Souza, Gisele Oliveira
Heinemann, Marcos Bryan
Isaac, Lourdes
Conte, Fernando Paiva
Portaro, Fernanda Calheta Vieira
Rodrigues-da-Silva, Rodrigo Nunes
Barbosa, Angela Silva
author_facet Courrol, Daniella dos Santos
da Silva, Cristiane Castilho Fernandes
Prado, Luan Gavião
Chura-Chambi, Rosa Maria
Morganti, Ligia
de Souza, Gisele Oliveira
Heinemann, Marcos Bryan
Isaac, Lourdes
Conte, Fernando Paiva
Portaro, Fernanda Calheta Vieira
Rodrigues-da-Silva, Rodrigo Nunes
Barbosa, Angela Silva
author_sort Courrol, Daniella dos Santos
collection PubMed
description Extracellular proteolytic enzymes are produced by a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, and contribute to host colonization by modulating virulence. Here, we present a first characterization of leptolysin, a Leptospira metalloprotease of the pappalysin family identified in a previous exoproteomic study. Comparative molecular analysis of leptolysin with two other pappalysins from prokaryotes, ulilysin and mirolysin, reveals similarities regarding calcium, zinc, and arginine -binding sites conservation within the catalytic domain, but also discloses peculiarities. Variations observed in the primary and tertiary structures may reflect differences in primary specificities. Purified recombinant leptolysin of L. interrogans was obtained as a ~50 kDa protein. The protease exhibited maximal activity at pH 8.0 and 37°C, and hydrolytic activity was observed in the presence of different salts with maximum efficiency in NaCl. Substrate specificity was assessed using a small number of FRET peptides, and showed a marked preference for arginine residues at the P1 position. L. interrogans leptolysin proteolytic activity on proteinaceous substrates such as proteoglycans and plasma fibronectin was also evaluated. All proteins tested were efficiently degraded over time, confirming the protease´s broad-spectrum activity in vitro. In addition, leptolysin induced morphological alterations on HK-2 cells, which may be partially attributed to extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Hemorrhagic foci were observed in the dorsal skin of mice intradermally injected with leptolysin, as a plausible consequence of ECM disarray and vascular endothelium glycocalyx damage. Assuming that leptospiral proteases play an important role in all stages of the infectious process, characterizing their functional properties, substrates and mechanisms of action is of great importance for therapeutic purposes.
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spelling pubmed-94454242022-09-07 Leptolysin, a Leptospira secreted metalloprotease of the pappalysin family with broad-spectrum activity Courrol, Daniella dos Santos da Silva, Cristiane Castilho Fernandes Prado, Luan Gavião Chura-Chambi, Rosa Maria Morganti, Ligia de Souza, Gisele Oliveira Heinemann, Marcos Bryan Isaac, Lourdes Conte, Fernando Paiva Portaro, Fernanda Calheta Vieira Rodrigues-da-Silva, Rodrigo Nunes Barbosa, Angela Silva Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology Extracellular proteolytic enzymes are produced by a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, and contribute to host colonization by modulating virulence. Here, we present a first characterization of leptolysin, a Leptospira metalloprotease of the pappalysin family identified in a previous exoproteomic study. Comparative molecular analysis of leptolysin with two other pappalysins from prokaryotes, ulilysin and mirolysin, reveals similarities regarding calcium, zinc, and arginine -binding sites conservation within the catalytic domain, but also discloses peculiarities. Variations observed in the primary and tertiary structures may reflect differences in primary specificities. Purified recombinant leptolysin of L. interrogans was obtained as a ~50 kDa protein. The protease exhibited maximal activity at pH 8.0 and 37°C, and hydrolytic activity was observed in the presence of different salts with maximum efficiency in NaCl. Substrate specificity was assessed using a small number of FRET peptides, and showed a marked preference for arginine residues at the P1 position. L. interrogans leptolysin proteolytic activity on proteinaceous substrates such as proteoglycans and plasma fibronectin was also evaluated. All proteins tested were efficiently degraded over time, confirming the protease´s broad-spectrum activity in vitro. In addition, leptolysin induced morphological alterations on HK-2 cells, which may be partially attributed to extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Hemorrhagic foci were observed in the dorsal skin of mice intradermally injected with leptolysin, as a plausible consequence of ECM disarray and vascular endothelium glycocalyx damage. Assuming that leptospiral proteases play an important role in all stages of the infectious process, characterizing their functional properties, substrates and mechanisms of action is of great importance for therapeutic purposes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-08-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9445424/ /pubmed/36081769 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.966370 Text en Copyright © 2022 Courrol, Silva, Prado, Chura-Chambi, Morganti, de Souza, Heinemann, Isaac, Conte, Portaro, Rodrigues-da-Silva and Barbosa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Courrol, Daniella dos Santos
da Silva, Cristiane Castilho Fernandes
Prado, Luan Gavião
Chura-Chambi, Rosa Maria
Morganti, Ligia
de Souza, Gisele Oliveira
Heinemann, Marcos Bryan
Isaac, Lourdes
Conte, Fernando Paiva
Portaro, Fernanda Calheta Vieira
Rodrigues-da-Silva, Rodrigo Nunes
Barbosa, Angela Silva
Leptolysin, a Leptospira secreted metalloprotease of the pappalysin family with broad-spectrum activity
title Leptolysin, a Leptospira secreted metalloprotease of the pappalysin family with broad-spectrum activity
title_full Leptolysin, a Leptospira secreted metalloprotease of the pappalysin family with broad-spectrum activity
title_fullStr Leptolysin, a Leptospira secreted metalloprotease of the pappalysin family with broad-spectrum activity
title_full_unstemmed Leptolysin, a Leptospira secreted metalloprotease of the pappalysin family with broad-spectrum activity
title_short Leptolysin, a Leptospira secreted metalloprotease of the pappalysin family with broad-spectrum activity
title_sort leptolysin, a leptospira secreted metalloprotease of the pappalysin family with broad-spectrum activity
topic Cellular and Infection Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9445424/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36081769
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.966370
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