Steroid injection in chronic inflammatory vocal fold disorders, literature review

Steroids are potent inhibitors of inflammation and wound repair. Local administration of steroids directly into the larynx has been reported in many laryngeal diseases. Aim: The purpose of this study is to review related literature about the use of steroid injection in patients with benign, inflammatory and chronic vocal disease. Methodology: We performed an electronic survey in Medline database and selected clinical trials regarding steroid use in benign laryngeal diseases. Results: Steroids are indicated in these situations: 1) acute inflammatory diseases, mainly when edema compromises the airways; 2) auto- immune disease with laryngeal involvement; 3) laryngeal stenosis; 4) benign lesions of the vocal folds, e.g., nodules, polyps and Reinke”s edema, to reduce the inflammatory reactions before phonosurgery or in an attempt to avoid surgery; 5) In phonosurgery, aiming to reduce scarring. In this case, it could be used as a preventive measure in vocal fold scarring, or for scar treatment. Conclusion: Steroids may be considered an important therapeutic option in the management of many diseases, specially the inflammatory ones, associated with vocal changes.