Cargando…

Thermal degradation, visco-elastic and fire-retardant behavior of hybrid Cyrtostachys Renda/kenaf fiber-reinforced MWCNT-modified phenolic composites

Natural fibers have emerged as a potential alternate to synthetic fibers, because of their excellent performance, biodegradability, renewability and sustainability. This research has focused on investigating the thermal, visco-elastic and fire-retardant properties of different hybrid Cytostachys Ren...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Loganathan, Tamil Moli, Sultan, Mohamed Thariq Hameed, Ahsan, Qumrul, Jawaid, Mohammad, Naveen, Jesuarockiam, Shah, Ain Umaira Md, Talib, Abd. Rahim Abu, Basri, Adi Azriff
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer International Publishing 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9447359/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36093037
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-022-11557-4
_version_ 1784783840923877376
author Loganathan, Tamil Moli
Sultan, Mohamed Thariq Hameed
Ahsan, Qumrul
Jawaid, Mohammad
Naveen, Jesuarockiam
Shah, Ain Umaira Md
Talib, Abd. Rahim Abu
Basri, Adi Azriff
author_facet Loganathan, Tamil Moli
Sultan, Mohamed Thariq Hameed
Ahsan, Qumrul
Jawaid, Mohammad
Naveen, Jesuarockiam
Shah, Ain Umaira Md
Talib, Abd. Rahim Abu
Basri, Adi Azriff
author_sort Loganathan, Tamil Moli
collection PubMed
description Natural fibers have emerged as a potential alternate to synthetic fibers, because of their excellent performance, biodegradability, renewability and sustainability. This research has focused on investigating the thermal, visco-elastic and fire-retardant properties of different hybrid Cytostachys Renda (CR)/kenaf fiber (K) (50/0; 35/ 15, 25/25, 15/ 35, 0/50)-reinforced MWCNT (multi-walled carbon nanotubes)-modified phenolic composites. The mass% of MWCNT-modified phenolic resin was maintained 50 mass% including 0.5 mass% of MWCNT. In order to achieve homogeneous dispersion ball milling process was employed to incorporate the MWCNT into phenolic resin (powder). Thermal results from thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetric analysis revealed that the hybrid composites (35/15; 35 mass% CR and 15 mass% K) showed higher thermal stability among the composite samples. Visco-elastic results revealed that kenaf fiber-based MWCNT-modified composites (0/50; 0 mass% CR and 50 mass% K) exhibited higher storage and loss modulus due to high modulus kenaf fiber. Fire-retardant analysis (UL-94) showed that all the composite samples met H-B self-extinguishing rating and exhibited slow burning rate according to limiting oxygen index (LOI) test. However, (15/35; 15 mass% CR and 35 mass% K) hybrid composites showed the highest time to ignition, highest fire performance index, lowest total heat release rate, average mass loss rate, average fire growth rate index and maximum average rate of heat emission. Moreover, the smoke density of all hybrid composites was found to be less than 200 which meets the federal aviation regulations (FAR) 25.853d standard. Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was carried out to select an optimal composite sample considering the thermal, visco-elastic and fire-retardant behaviors. Through TOPSIS analysis, the hybrid (15/35; 15 mass% CR and 35 mass% K) composite sample has been selected as an optimal composite which can be used for high-temperature aircraft and automotive applications.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9447359
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Springer International Publishing
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-94473592022-09-06 Thermal degradation, visco-elastic and fire-retardant behavior of hybrid Cyrtostachys Renda/kenaf fiber-reinforced MWCNT-modified phenolic composites Loganathan, Tamil Moli Sultan, Mohamed Thariq Hameed Ahsan, Qumrul Jawaid, Mohammad Naveen, Jesuarockiam Shah, Ain Umaira Md Talib, Abd. Rahim Abu Basri, Adi Azriff J Therm Anal Calorim Article Natural fibers have emerged as a potential alternate to synthetic fibers, because of their excellent performance, biodegradability, renewability and sustainability. This research has focused on investigating the thermal, visco-elastic and fire-retardant properties of different hybrid Cytostachys Renda (CR)/kenaf fiber (K) (50/0; 35/ 15, 25/25, 15/ 35, 0/50)-reinforced MWCNT (multi-walled carbon nanotubes)-modified phenolic composites. The mass% of MWCNT-modified phenolic resin was maintained 50 mass% including 0.5 mass% of MWCNT. In order to achieve homogeneous dispersion ball milling process was employed to incorporate the MWCNT into phenolic resin (powder). Thermal results from thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetric analysis revealed that the hybrid composites (35/15; 35 mass% CR and 15 mass% K) showed higher thermal stability among the composite samples. Visco-elastic results revealed that kenaf fiber-based MWCNT-modified composites (0/50; 0 mass% CR and 50 mass% K) exhibited higher storage and loss modulus due to high modulus kenaf fiber. Fire-retardant analysis (UL-94) showed that all the composite samples met H-B self-extinguishing rating and exhibited slow burning rate according to limiting oxygen index (LOI) test. However, (15/35; 15 mass% CR and 35 mass% K) hybrid composites showed the highest time to ignition, highest fire performance index, lowest total heat release rate, average mass loss rate, average fire growth rate index and maximum average rate of heat emission. Moreover, the smoke density of all hybrid composites was found to be less than 200 which meets the federal aviation regulations (FAR) 25.853d standard. Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was carried out to select an optimal composite sample considering the thermal, visco-elastic and fire-retardant behaviors. Through TOPSIS analysis, the hybrid (15/35; 15 mass% CR and 35 mass% K) composite sample has been selected as an optimal composite which can be used for high-temperature aircraft and automotive applications. Springer International Publishing 2022-09-06 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9447359/ /pubmed/36093037 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-022-11557-4 Text en © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2022, Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Article
Loganathan, Tamil Moli
Sultan, Mohamed Thariq Hameed
Ahsan, Qumrul
Jawaid, Mohammad
Naveen, Jesuarockiam
Shah, Ain Umaira Md
Talib, Abd. Rahim Abu
Basri, Adi Azriff
Thermal degradation, visco-elastic and fire-retardant behavior of hybrid Cyrtostachys Renda/kenaf fiber-reinforced MWCNT-modified phenolic composites
title Thermal degradation, visco-elastic and fire-retardant behavior of hybrid Cyrtostachys Renda/kenaf fiber-reinforced MWCNT-modified phenolic composites
title_full Thermal degradation, visco-elastic and fire-retardant behavior of hybrid Cyrtostachys Renda/kenaf fiber-reinforced MWCNT-modified phenolic composites
title_fullStr Thermal degradation, visco-elastic and fire-retardant behavior of hybrid Cyrtostachys Renda/kenaf fiber-reinforced MWCNT-modified phenolic composites
title_full_unstemmed Thermal degradation, visco-elastic and fire-retardant behavior of hybrid Cyrtostachys Renda/kenaf fiber-reinforced MWCNT-modified phenolic composites
title_short Thermal degradation, visco-elastic and fire-retardant behavior of hybrid Cyrtostachys Renda/kenaf fiber-reinforced MWCNT-modified phenolic composites
title_sort thermal degradation, visco-elastic and fire-retardant behavior of hybrid cyrtostachys renda/kenaf fiber-reinforced mwcnt-modified phenolic composites
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9447359/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36093037
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-022-11557-4
work_keys_str_mv AT loganathantamilmoli thermaldegradationviscoelasticandfireretardantbehaviorofhybridcyrtostachysrendakenaffiberreinforcedmwcntmodifiedphenoliccomposites
AT sultanmohamedthariqhameed thermaldegradationviscoelasticandfireretardantbehaviorofhybridcyrtostachysrendakenaffiberreinforcedmwcntmodifiedphenoliccomposites
AT ahsanqumrul thermaldegradationviscoelasticandfireretardantbehaviorofhybridcyrtostachysrendakenaffiberreinforcedmwcntmodifiedphenoliccomposites
AT jawaidmohammad thermaldegradationviscoelasticandfireretardantbehaviorofhybridcyrtostachysrendakenaffiberreinforcedmwcntmodifiedphenoliccomposites
AT naveenjesuarockiam thermaldegradationviscoelasticandfireretardantbehaviorofhybridcyrtostachysrendakenaffiberreinforcedmwcntmodifiedphenoliccomposites
AT shahainumairamd thermaldegradationviscoelasticandfireretardantbehaviorofhybridcyrtostachysrendakenaffiberreinforcedmwcntmodifiedphenoliccomposites
AT talibabdrahimabu thermaldegradationviscoelasticandfireretardantbehaviorofhybridcyrtostachysrendakenaffiberreinforcedmwcntmodifiedphenoliccomposites
AT basriadiazriff thermaldegradationviscoelasticandfireretardantbehaviorofhybridcyrtostachysrendakenaffiberreinforcedmwcntmodifiedphenoliccomposites