Cargando…
Fezf2-positive fork cell-like neurons in the mouse insular cortex
The fork cell and von Economo neuron, which are found in the insular cortex and/or the anterior cingulate cortex, are defined by their unique morphologies. Their shapes are not pyramidal; the fork cell has two primary apical dendrites and the von Economo neurons are spindle-shaped (bipolar). Presenc...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9447900/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36067159 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274170 |
_version_ | 1784783953278795776 |
---|---|
author | Taniguchi, Manabu Iwahashi, Misaki Oka, Yuichiro Tiong, Sheena Y. X. Sato, Makoto |
author_facet | Taniguchi, Manabu Iwahashi, Misaki Oka, Yuichiro Tiong, Sheena Y. X. Sato, Makoto |
author_sort | Taniguchi, Manabu |
collection | PubMed |
description | The fork cell and von Economo neuron, which are found in the insular cortex and/or the anterior cingulate cortex, are defined by their unique morphologies. Their shapes are not pyramidal; the fork cell has two primary apical dendrites and the von Economo neurons are spindle-shaped (bipolar). Presence of such neurons are reported only in the higher animals, especially in human and great ape, indicating that they are specific for most evolved species. Although it is likely that these neurons are involved in higher brain function, lack of results with experimental animals makes further investigation difficult. We here ask whether equivalent neurons exist in the mouse insular cortex. In human, Fezf2 has been reported to be highly expressed in these morphologically distinctive neurons and thus, we examined the detailed morphology of Fezf2-positive neurons in the mouse brain. Although von Economo-like neurons were not identified, Fezf2-positive fork cell-like neurons with two characteristic apical dendrites, were discovered. Examination with electron microscope indicated that these neurons did not embrace capillaries, rather they held another cell. We here term such neurons as holding neurons. We further observed several molecules, including neuromedin B (NMB) and gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) that are known to be localized in the fork cells and/or von Economo cells in human, were localized in the mouse insular cortex. Based on these observations, it is likely that an equivalent of the fork cell is present in the mouse. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9447900 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94479002022-09-07 Fezf2-positive fork cell-like neurons in the mouse insular cortex Taniguchi, Manabu Iwahashi, Misaki Oka, Yuichiro Tiong, Sheena Y. X. Sato, Makoto PLoS One Research Article The fork cell and von Economo neuron, which are found in the insular cortex and/or the anterior cingulate cortex, are defined by their unique morphologies. Their shapes are not pyramidal; the fork cell has two primary apical dendrites and the von Economo neurons are spindle-shaped (bipolar). Presence of such neurons are reported only in the higher animals, especially in human and great ape, indicating that they are specific for most evolved species. Although it is likely that these neurons are involved in higher brain function, lack of results with experimental animals makes further investigation difficult. We here ask whether equivalent neurons exist in the mouse insular cortex. In human, Fezf2 has been reported to be highly expressed in these morphologically distinctive neurons and thus, we examined the detailed morphology of Fezf2-positive neurons in the mouse brain. Although von Economo-like neurons were not identified, Fezf2-positive fork cell-like neurons with two characteristic apical dendrites, were discovered. Examination with electron microscope indicated that these neurons did not embrace capillaries, rather they held another cell. We here term such neurons as holding neurons. We further observed several molecules, including neuromedin B (NMB) and gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) that are known to be localized in the fork cells and/or von Economo cells in human, were localized in the mouse insular cortex. Based on these observations, it is likely that an equivalent of the fork cell is present in the mouse. Public Library of Science 2022-09-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9447900/ /pubmed/36067159 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274170 Text en © 2022 Taniguchi et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Taniguchi, Manabu Iwahashi, Misaki Oka, Yuichiro Tiong, Sheena Y. X. Sato, Makoto Fezf2-positive fork cell-like neurons in the mouse insular cortex |
title | Fezf2-positive fork cell-like neurons in the mouse insular cortex |
title_full | Fezf2-positive fork cell-like neurons in the mouse insular cortex |
title_fullStr | Fezf2-positive fork cell-like neurons in the mouse insular cortex |
title_full_unstemmed | Fezf2-positive fork cell-like neurons in the mouse insular cortex |
title_short | Fezf2-positive fork cell-like neurons in the mouse insular cortex |
title_sort | fezf2-positive fork cell-like neurons in the mouse insular cortex |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9447900/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36067159 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274170 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT taniguchimanabu fezf2positiveforkcelllikeneuronsinthemouseinsularcortex AT iwahashimisaki fezf2positiveforkcelllikeneuronsinthemouseinsularcortex AT okayuichiro fezf2positiveforkcelllikeneuronsinthemouseinsularcortex AT tiongsheenayx fezf2positiveforkcelllikeneuronsinthemouseinsularcortex AT satomakoto fezf2positiveforkcelllikeneuronsinthemouseinsularcortex |