Cargando…

A Holistic Approach to a Dizzy Patient: A Practical Update

Dizziness is one of the most common symptoms encountered by physicians daily. It is divided into four categories: vertigo, disequilibrium, presyncope, and psychogenic dizziness. It is essential to distinguish these four symptoms because the causes, prognosis, and treatment differ. Vertigo constitute...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Koukoulithras, Ioannis, Drousia, Gianna, Kolokotsios, Spyridon, Plexousakis, Minas, Stamouli, Alexandra, Roussos, Charis, Xanthi, Eleana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9447938/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36106247
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.27681
_version_ 1784783962309132288
author Koukoulithras, Ioannis
Drousia, Gianna
Kolokotsios, Spyridon
Plexousakis, Minas
Stamouli, Alexandra
Roussos, Charis
Xanthi, Eleana
author_facet Koukoulithras, Ioannis
Drousia, Gianna
Kolokotsios, Spyridon
Plexousakis, Minas
Stamouli, Alexandra
Roussos, Charis
Xanthi, Eleana
author_sort Koukoulithras, Ioannis
collection PubMed
description Dizziness is one of the most common symptoms encountered by physicians daily. It is divided into four categories: vertigo, disequilibrium, presyncope, and psychogenic dizziness. It is essential to distinguish these four symptoms because the causes, prognosis, and treatment differ. Vertigo constitutes a disease of the central or peripheral nervous system. Central origin vertigo may be a life-threatening situation and must be detected as soon as possible because it includes diseases such as stroke, hemorrhage, tumors, and multiple sclerosis. Peripheral origin vertigo includes benign diseases, which may be fully treatable such as vestibular migraine, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, vestibular neuritis, Ménière’s disease, and cervical vertigo. The HINTS (head impulse, nystagmus, test of skew) examination is essential to distinguish central from peripheral causes. A detailed history including the duration of vertigo (episodic or continuous), its trigger, and a clinical examination step by step following the appropriate protocol could help to make a definite and accurate diagnosis and treatment. Due to a lack of expertise in dizziness and inappropriate treatment, many patients are admitted to dizziness clinics with long-standing dizziness. A holistic treatment combining medications, vestibular rehabilitation, physiotherapy, and psychotherapy should be initiated to improve the quality of life of these patients. So, this review aims to recommend a clinical protocol for approaching a dizzy patient with vertigo and to present in detail the epidemiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and contemporary treatments of all causes of vertigo.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9447938
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Cureus
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-94479382022-09-13 A Holistic Approach to a Dizzy Patient: A Practical Update Koukoulithras, Ioannis Drousia, Gianna Kolokotsios, Spyridon Plexousakis, Minas Stamouli, Alexandra Roussos, Charis Xanthi, Eleana Cureus Neurology Dizziness is one of the most common symptoms encountered by physicians daily. It is divided into four categories: vertigo, disequilibrium, presyncope, and psychogenic dizziness. It is essential to distinguish these four symptoms because the causes, prognosis, and treatment differ. Vertigo constitutes a disease of the central or peripheral nervous system. Central origin vertigo may be a life-threatening situation and must be detected as soon as possible because it includes diseases such as stroke, hemorrhage, tumors, and multiple sclerosis. Peripheral origin vertigo includes benign diseases, which may be fully treatable such as vestibular migraine, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, vestibular neuritis, Ménière’s disease, and cervical vertigo. The HINTS (head impulse, nystagmus, test of skew) examination is essential to distinguish central from peripheral causes. A detailed history including the duration of vertigo (episodic or continuous), its trigger, and a clinical examination step by step following the appropriate protocol could help to make a definite and accurate diagnosis and treatment. Due to a lack of expertise in dizziness and inappropriate treatment, many patients are admitted to dizziness clinics with long-standing dizziness. A holistic treatment combining medications, vestibular rehabilitation, physiotherapy, and psychotherapy should be initiated to improve the quality of life of these patients. So, this review aims to recommend a clinical protocol for approaching a dizzy patient with vertigo and to present in detail the epidemiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and contemporary treatments of all causes of vertigo. Cureus 2022-08-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9447938/ /pubmed/36106247 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.27681 Text en Copyright © 2022, Koukoulithras et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Neurology
Koukoulithras, Ioannis
Drousia, Gianna
Kolokotsios, Spyridon
Plexousakis, Minas
Stamouli, Alexandra
Roussos, Charis
Xanthi, Eleana
A Holistic Approach to a Dizzy Patient: A Practical Update
title A Holistic Approach to a Dizzy Patient: A Practical Update
title_full A Holistic Approach to a Dizzy Patient: A Practical Update
title_fullStr A Holistic Approach to a Dizzy Patient: A Practical Update
title_full_unstemmed A Holistic Approach to a Dizzy Patient: A Practical Update
title_short A Holistic Approach to a Dizzy Patient: A Practical Update
title_sort holistic approach to a dizzy patient: a practical update
topic Neurology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9447938/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36106247
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.27681
work_keys_str_mv AT koukoulithrasioannis aholisticapproachtoadizzypatientapracticalupdate
AT drousiagianna aholisticapproachtoadizzypatientapracticalupdate
AT kolokotsiosspyridon aholisticapproachtoadizzypatientapracticalupdate
AT plexousakisminas aholisticapproachtoadizzypatientapracticalupdate
AT stamoulialexandra aholisticapproachtoadizzypatientapracticalupdate
AT roussoscharis aholisticapproachtoadizzypatientapracticalupdate
AT xanthieleana aholisticapproachtoadizzypatientapracticalupdate
AT koukoulithrasioannis holisticapproachtoadizzypatientapracticalupdate
AT drousiagianna holisticapproachtoadizzypatientapracticalupdate
AT kolokotsiosspyridon holisticapproachtoadizzypatientapracticalupdate
AT plexousakisminas holisticapproachtoadizzypatientapracticalupdate
AT stamoulialexandra holisticapproachtoadizzypatientapracticalupdate
AT roussoscharis holisticapproachtoadizzypatientapracticalupdate
AT xanthieleana holisticapproachtoadizzypatientapracticalupdate