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Comparison of the Clinical and Laboratory Features of COVID and Influenza in Children
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2 and has a clinical presentation ranging from an asymptomatic course to flu-like syndrome up to respiratory failure. Seasonal Influenza, due to the influenza viruses and very common in children, can cause symptoms...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9448268/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36119462 http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/MJHID.2022.065 |
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author | Pata, Davide Buonsenso, Danilo Valentini, Piero |
author_facet | Pata, Davide Buonsenso, Danilo Valentini, Piero |
author_sort | Pata, Davide |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2 and has a clinical presentation ranging from an asymptomatic course to flu-like syndrome up to respiratory failure. Seasonal Influenza, due to the influenza viruses and very common in children, can cause symptoms similar to COVID-19. In order to identify clinical and laboratory characteristics that allow healthcare workers to differentiate COVID-19 from Influenza, we performed a systematic review of the existing literature on the pediatric age. Methods. The research was done via PubMed for articles published from March 2020 to October 2021, combining the MeSH words "COVID-19" and "Influenza" and "Children" and considering the suggestions of the PRISMA Group. RESULTS: The most frequently described symptoms were fever and cough in both groups. In most studies, high fever, cough, nasal congestion or rhinorrhea, vomiting, and muscle pain were detected more frequently in the Influenza group. Regarding the value of laboratory tests, the results were mixed. Almost all studies reported significantly lower levels of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin in the COVID-19 group than in the Influenza group. In most manuscripts, COVID-19 had a milder course than Influenza. CONCLUSIONS: No symptoms are characteristic of a single infectious agent, with flu-like disorders being the most common. In addition, laboratory tests do not help in the differential diagnosis; however, they show a limited inflammatory response in COVID-19, which could explain the fewer complications compared to adulthood, with a less severe clinical course. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9448268 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94482682022-09-15 Comparison of the Clinical and Laboratory Features of COVID and Influenza in Children Pata, Davide Buonsenso, Danilo Valentini, Piero Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis Review Article BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2 and has a clinical presentation ranging from an asymptomatic course to flu-like syndrome up to respiratory failure. Seasonal Influenza, due to the influenza viruses and very common in children, can cause symptoms similar to COVID-19. In order to identify clinical and laboratory characteristics that allow healthcare workers to differentiate COVID-19 from Influenza, we performed a systematic review of the existing literature on the pediatric age. Methods. The research was done via PubMed for articles published from March 2020 to October 2021, combining the MeSH words "COVID-19" and "Influenza" and "Children" and considering the suggestions of the PRISMA Group. RESULTS: The most frequently described symptoms were fever and cough in both groups. In most studies, high fever, cough, nasal congestion or rhinorrhea, vomiting, and muscle pain were detected more frequently in the Influenza group. Regarding the value of laboratory tests, the results were mixed. Almost all studies reported significantly lower levels of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin in the COVID-19 group than in the Influenza group. In most manuscripts, COVID-19 had a milder course than Influenza. CONCLUSIONS: No symptoms are characteristic of a single infectious agent, with flu-like disorders being the most common. In addition, laboratory tests do not help in the differential diagnosis; however, they show a limited inflammatory response in COVID-19, which could explain the fewer complications compared to adulthood, with a less severe clinical course. Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore 2022-09-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9448268/ /pubmed/36119462 http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/MJHID.2022.065 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Pata, Davide Buonsenso, Danilo Valentini, Piero Comparison of the Clinical and Laboratory Features of COVID and Influenza in Children |
title | Comparison of the Clinical and Laboratory Features of COVID and Influenza in Children |
title_full | Comparison of the Clinical and Laboratory Features of COVID and Influenza in Children |
title_fullStr | Comparison of the Clinical and Laboratory Features of COVID and Influenza in Children |
title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of the Clinical and Laboratory Features of COVID and Influenza in Children |
title_short | Comparison of the Clinical and Laboratory Features of COVID and Influenza in Children |
title_sort | comparison of the clinical and laboratory features of covid and influenza in children |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9448268/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36119462 http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/MJHID.2022.065 |
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