Comparison of Isometric Strength of the Trunk and Hip Muscle Groups in Female Athletes with and without Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a common musculoskeletal disorder in athletes. Reduced strength in hip and trunk muscles has been observed among non-athletes with low back pain. This study aimed to compare the strength of trunk and hip muscles between female athletes with and without LBP and to investigate strength association with disability level in female athletes with LBP. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 26 female athletes with LBP and 30 female athletes without LBP. The strength of the trunk and hip muscles was measured using a hand-held dynamometer and the impact of LBP on the sports activities and activities of daily living was measured using the Athletes Disability Index (ADI). Data analysis was done using an independent sample t test and the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: There were no significant differences between groups for trunk and hip muscles strength (p > 0.05). A fair to moderate correlation was seen between the strength of the trunk, hip abductors, flexor and extensors muscles and the scores of the ADI questionnaire in the LBP group (r = -0.26 to -0.48). However, there was no significant correlation between the strength of hip adductor muscles and the scores on the ADI questionnaire. Conclusion: Based on the results, the strength of trunk and hip muscles was not different between athletes with and without LBP. It is recommended that athletes' training be done during functional tasks rather than strengthening a single muscle group.