Gender Effects on Binaural Speech Auditory Brainstem Response

Background: The speech auditory brainstem response is a tool that provides direct information on how speech sound is temporally and spectrally coded by the auditory brainstem. Speech auditory brainstem response is influenced by many variables, but the effect of gender is unclear, particularly in the binaural recording. Studies on speech auditory brainstem response evoked by binaural stimulation are limited, but gender studies are even more limited and contradictory. This study aimed at examining the effect of gender on speech auditory brainstem response in adults. Methods: Time- and frequency-domain analyses of speech auditory brainstem response recordings of 30 healthy participants (15 women and 15 men) aged 18-35 years with normal hearing and no musical education were obtained. For each adult, speech auditory brainstem response was recorded with the syllable /da/ presented binaurally. Peaks of time (V, A, C, D, E, F, and O) and frequency (fundamental frequency, first formant frequency, and high frequency) domains of speech auditory brainstem response were compared between men and women. Results: V, A, and F peak latencies of women were significantly shorter than those of men (P < .05). However, no difference was found in the peak amplitude of the time (P > .05) or frequency domain between women and men (P > .05). Conclusion: Gender differences in binaural speech auditory brainstem response are significant in adults, particularly in the time domain. When speech stimuli are used for auditory brainstem responses, normative data specific to gender are required. Preliminary normative data from this study could serve as a reference for future studies on binaural speech auditory brainstem response among Turkish adults.