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It is time to mate: population-level plasticity of wild boar reproductive timing and synchrony in a changing environment
On a population level, individual plasticity in reproductive phenology can provoke either anticipations or delays in the average reproductive timing in response to environmental changes. However, a rigid reliance on photoperiodism can constraint such plastic responses in populations inhabiting tempe...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9450171/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36090138 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoab077 |
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author | Brogi, Rudy Merli, Enrico Grignolio, Stefano Chirichella, Roberta Bottero, Elisa Apollonio, Marco |
author_facet | Brogi, Rudy Merli, Enrico Grignolio, Stefano Chirichella, Roberta Bottero, Elisa Apollonio, Marco |
author_sort | Brogi, Rudy |
collection | PubMed |
description | On a population level, individual plasticity in reproductive phenology can provoke either anticipations or delays in the average reproductive timing in response to environmental changes. However, a rigid reliance on photoperiodism can constraint such plastic responses in populations inhabiting temperate latitudes. The regulation of breeding season length may represent a further tool for populations facing changing environments. Nonetheless, this skill was reported only for equatorial, nonphotoperiodic populations. Our goal was to evaluate whether species living in temperate regions and relying on photoperiodism to trigger their reproduction may also be able to regulate breeding season length. During 10 years, we collected 2,500 female reproductive traits of a mammal model species (wild boar Sus scrofa) and applied a novel analytical approach to reproductive patterns in order to observe population-level variations of reproductive timing and synchrony under different weather and resources availability conditions. Under favorable conditions, breeding seasons were anticipated and population synchrony increased (i.e., shorter breeding seasons). Conversely, poor conditions induced delayed and less synchronous (i.e., longer) breeding seasons. The potential to regulate breeding season length depending on environmental conditions may entail a high resilience of the population reproductive patterns against environmental changes, as highlighted by the fact that almost all mature females were reproductive every year. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9450171 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94501712022-09-08 It is time to mate: population-level plasticity of wild boar reproductive timing and synchrony in a changing environment Brogi, Rudy Merli, Enrico Grignolio, Stefano Chirichella, Roberta Bottero, Elisa Apollonio, Marco Curr Zool Articles On a population level, individual plasticity in reproductive phenology can provoke either anticipations or delays in the average reproductive timing in response to environmental changes. However, a rigid reliance on photoperiodism can constraint such plastic responses in populations inhabiting temperate latitudes. The regulation of breeding season length may represent a further tool for populations facing changing environments. Nonetheless, this skill was reported only for equatorial, nonphotoperiodic populations. Our goal was to evaluate whether species living in temperate regions and relying on photoperiodism to trigger their reproduction may also be able to regulate breeding season length. During 10 years, we collected 2,500 female reproductive traits of a mammal model species (wild boar Sus scrofa) and applied a novel analytical approach to reproductive patterns in order to observe population-level variations of reproductive timing and synchrony under different weather and resources availability conditions. Under favorable conditions, breeding seasons were anticipated and population synchrony increased (i.e., shorter breeding seasons). Conversely, poor conditions induced delayed and less synchronous (i.e., longer) breeding seasons. The potential to regulate breeding season length depending on environmental conditions may entail a high resilience of the population reproductive patterns against environmental changes, as highlighted by the fact that almost all mature females were reproductive every year. Oxford University Press 2021-09-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9450171/ /pubmed/36090138 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoab077 Text en © The Author(s) (2021). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Editorial Office, Current Zoology. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
spellingShingle | Articles Brogi, Rudy Merli, Enrico Grignolio, Stefano Chirichella, Roberta Bottero, Elisa Apollonio, Marco It is time to mate: population-level plasticity of wild boar reproductive timing and synchrony in a changing environment |
title | It is time to mate: population-level plasticity of wild boar reproductive timing and synchrony in a changing environment |
title_full | It is time to mate: population-level plasticity of wild boar reproductive timing and synchrony in a changing environment |
title_fullStr | It is time to mate: population-level plasticity of wild boar reproductive timing and synchrony in a changing environment |
title_full_unstemmed | It is time to mate: population-level plasticity of wild boar reproductive timing and synchrony in a changing environment |
title_short | It is time to mate: population-level plasticity of wild boar reproductive timing and synchrony in a changing environment |
title_sort | it is time to mate: population-level plasticity of wild boar reproductive timing and synchrony in a changing environment |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9450171/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36090138 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoab077 |
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