Anatomy and relationships of forelimb lymph nodes in Sprague-Dawley rats: A detailed dissecting approach

BACKGROUND: Constructing a reliable animal model for preclinical treatment of secondary lymphedema is challenging because the anatomical characteristics near the lymph nodes are understudied. Therefore, this study examined the detailed anatomical relationship between the axillary lymph node flaps (A...

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Autores principales: Chen, Linhai, Yang, Jing, Kim, Sang Ah, Gelvosa, Ma. Nessa, Wei, Peng, Jeon, Jae Yong, Cheon, Hwayeong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9453151/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36090179
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.912278
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author Chen, Linhai
Yang, Jing
Kim, Sang Ah
Gelvosa, Ma. Nessa
Wei, Peng
Jeon, Jae Yong
Cheon, Hwayeong
author_facet Chen, Linhai
Yang, Jing
Kim, Sang Ah
Gelvosa, Ma. Nessa
Wei, Peng
Jeon, Jae Yong
Cheon, Hwayeong
author_sort Chen, Linhai
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Constructing a reliable animal model for preclinical treatment of secondary lymphedema is challenging because the anatomical characteristics near the lymph nodes are understudied. Therefore, this study examined the detailed anatomical relationship between the axillary lymph node flaps (ALNFs) and brachial lymph node flaps (BLNFs) in the forelimb of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten male rats, weighing 250–300 g, were used. The ALNFs and BLNFs on either side of the rat forelimbs were dissected. The two lymph node flaps (LNFs) were immediately harvested to analyze their physical characteristics (via imaging process software) and microscopic structure (via histology examinations). RESULTS: A total of 20 ALNFs and BLNFs from 10 rats were harvested and analyzed. ALNF dissection was simpler and lasted a shorter time than BLNF dissection (p < 0.0001). The left LNFs were more difficult to dissect than the right LNFs (p < 0.0001). In physical characteristics of LNFs, the area (p < 0.001) of LNFs and the number of lymph nodes (p < 0.0001) associated with ALNFs were greater than those associated with BLNFs, but the pedicle lengths of ALNFs were shorter than that of BLNFs (p < 0.0001). No significant difference in the diameter of the venous and arterial pedicles was noted between the two LNFs (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study reported detailed physical characteristics of ALNFs and BLNFs in SD rat forelimbs, assessing the respective area of LNFs, number of lymph nodes, and lengths and diameters of vascular pedicles. Moreover, this study suggested an efficient method to perform a study of LNFs by describing the operation process and repeatedly measuring the operation time.
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spelling pubmed-94531512022-09-09 Anatomy and relationships of forelimb lymph nodes in Sprague-Dawley rats: A detailed dissecting approach Chen, Linhai Yang, Jing Kim, Sang Ah Gelvosa, Ma. Nessa Wei, Peng Jeon, Jae Yong Cheon, Hwayeong Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science BACKGROUND: Constructing a reliable animal model for preclinical treatment of secondary lymphedema is challenging because the anatomical characteristics near the lymph nodes are understudied. Therefore, this study examined the detailed anatomical relationship between the axillary lymph node flaps (ALNFs) and brachial lymph node flaps (BLNFs) in the forelimb of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten male rats, weighing 250–300 g, were used. The ALNFs and BLNFs on either side of the rat forelimbs were dissected. The two lymph node flaps (LNFs) were immediately harvested to analyze their physical characteristics (via imaging process software) and microscopic structure (via histology examinations). RESULTS: A total of 20 ALNFs and BLNFs from 10 rats were harvested and analyzed. ALNF dissection was simpler and lasted a shorter time than BLNF dissection (p < 0.0001). The left LNFs were more difficult to dissect than the right LNFs (p < 0.0001). In physical characteristics of LNFs, the area (p < 0.001) of LNFs and the number of lymph nodes (p < 0.0001) associated with ALNFs were greater than those associated with BLNFs, but the pedicle lengths of ALNFs were shorter than that of BLNFs (p < 0.0001). No significant difference in the diameter of the venous and arterial pedicles was noted between the two LNFs (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study reported detailed physical characteristics of ALNFs and BLNFs in SD rat forelimbs, assessing the respective area of LNFs, number of lymph nodes, and lengths and diameters of vascular pedicles. Moreover, this study suggested an efficient method to perform a study of LNFs by describing the operation process and repeatedly measuring the operation time. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9453151/ /pubmed/36090179 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.912278 Text en Copyright © 2022 Chen, Yang, Kim, Gelvosa, Wei, Jeon and Cheon. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Chen, Linhai
Yang, Jing
Kim, Sang Ah
Gelvosa, Ma. Nessa
Wei, Peng
Jeon, Jae Yong
Cheon, Hwayeong
Anatomy and relationships of forelimb lymph nodes in Sprague-Dawley rats: A detailed dissecting approach
title Anatomy and relationships of forelimb lymph nodes in Sprague-Dawley rats: A detailed dissecting approach
title_full Anatomy and relationships of forelimb lymph nodes in Sprague-Dawley rats: A detailed dissecting approach
title_fullStr Anatomy and relationships of forelimb lymph nodes in Sprague-Dawley rats: A detailed dissecting approach
title_full_unstemmed Anatomy and relationships of forelimb lymph nodes in Sprague-Dawley rats: A detailed dissecting approach
title_short Anatomy and relationships of forelimb lymph nodes in Sprague-Dawley rats: A detailed dissecting approach
title_sort anatomy and relationships of forelimb lymph nodes in sprague-dawley rats: a detailed dissecting approach
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9453151/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36090179
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.912278
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