Kinetic Promotion Effect of Hydrogen and Dimethyl Disulfide Addition on Propane Dehydrogenation over the Pt–Sn–K/Al(2)O(3) Catalyst

[Image: see text] The kinetic effects of co-feeding of dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and hydrogen on propane dehydrogenation (PDH) over the Pt–Sn–K/Al(2)O(3) catalyst were investigated by the response surface method. The 3-level Box–Behnken design for 4 factors (reaction temperature, propene, hydrogen, and DMDS flow rate) was used to design the experiment. The initial propane conversion, propene selectivity, and coking amount were chosen as responses and the results were fitted by quadratic models. The fresh and coked catalysts were characterized by high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), thermogravimetry (TG), N(2) physisorption, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results showed that the DMDS flow rate is significant for propane conversion and coking amount while hydrogen flow rate is only significant for the conversion. By using the fitted model for the response surface, it is found that DMDS can significantly reduce the coking amount at the expense of propane conversion, and hydrogen weakly affects the selectivity and coking amount. The optimal conditions to achieve maximum conversion and selectivity and minimum coking amount are not consistent. The DMDS and hydrogen flow rate should be optimized to obtain the maximum economic profit out of the propane dehydrogenation (PDH) process.