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History of the Study of the Genus Thiothrix: From the First Enrichment Cultures to Pangenomic Analysis
Representatives of the genus Thiothrix are filamentous, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria found in flowing waters with counter-oriented sulfide and oxygen gradients. They were first described at the end of the 19th century, but the first pure cultures of this species only became available 100 years later. A...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9455678/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36076928 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23179531 |
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author | Ravin, Nikolai V. Rudenko, Tatyana S. Smolyakov, Dmitry D. Beletsky, Alexey V. Gureeva, Maria V. Samylina, Olga S. Grabovich, Margarita Yu. |
author_facet | Ravin, Nikolai V. Rudenko, Tatyana S. Smolyakov, Dmitry D. Beletsky, Alexey V. Gureeva, Maria V. Samylina, Olga S. Grabovich, Margarita Yu. |
author_sort | Ravin, Nikolai V. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Representatives of the genus Thiothrix are filamentous, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria found in flowing waters with counter-oriented sulfide and oxygen gradients. They were first described at the end of the 19th century, but the first pure cultures of this species only became available 100 years later. An increase in the number of described Thiothrix species at the beginning of the 21st century shows that the classical phylogenetic marker, 16S rRNA gene, is not informative for species differentiation, which is possible based on genome analysis. Pangenome analysis of the genus Thiothrix showed that the core genome includes genes for dissimilatory sulfur metabolism and central metabolic pathways, namely the Krebs cycle, Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway, glyoxylate cycle, Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle, and genes for phosphorus metabolism and amination. The shell part of the pangenome includes genes for dissimilatory nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen fixation, for respiration with thiosulfate. The dispensable genome comprises genes predicted to encode mainly hypothetical proteins, transporters, transcription regulators, methyltransferases, transposases, and toxin–antitoxin systems. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9455678 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94556782022-09-09 History of the Study of the Genus Thiothrix: From the First Enrichment Cultures to Pangenomic Analysis Ravin, Nikolai V. Rudenko, Tatyana S. Smolyakov, Dmitry D. Beletsky, Alexey V. Gureeva, Maria V. Samylina, Olga S. Grabovich, Margarita Yu. Int J Mol Sci Review Representatives of the genus Thiothrix are filamentous, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria found in flowing waters with counter-oriented sulfide and oxygen gradients. They were first described at the end of the 19th century, but the first pure cultures of this species only became available 100 years later. An increase in the number of described Thiothrix species at the beginning of the 21st century shows that the classical phylogenetic marker, 16S rRNA gene, is not informative for species differentiation, which is possible based on genome analysis. Pangenome analysis of the genus Thiothrix showed that the core genome includes genes for dissimilatory sulfur metabolism and central metabolic pathways, namely the Krebs cycle, Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway, glyoxylate cycle, Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle, and genes for phosphorus metabolism and amination. The shell part of the pangenome includes genes for dissimilatory nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen fixation, for respiration with thiosulfate. The dispensable genome comprises genes predicted to encode mainly hypothetical proteins, transporters, transcription regulators, methyltransferases, transposases, and toxin–antitoxin systems. MDPI 2022-08-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9455678/ /pubmed/36076928 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23179531 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Ravin, Nikolai V. Rudenko, Tatyana S. Smolyakov, Dmitry D. Beletsky, Alexey V. Gureeva, Maria V. Samylina, Olga S. Grabovich, Margarita Yu. History of the Study of the Genus Thiothrix: From the First Enrichment Cultures to Pangenomic Analysis |
title | History of the Study of the Genus Thiothrix: From the First Enrichment Cultures to Pangenomic Analysis |
title_full | History of the Study of the Genus Thiothrix: From the First Enrichment Cultures to Pangenomic Analysis |
title_fullStr | History of the Study of the Genus Thiothrix: From the First Enrichment Cultures to Pangenomic Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | History of the Study of the Genus Thiothrix: From the First Enrichment Cultures to Pangenomic Analysis |
title_short | History of the Study of the Genus Thiothrix: From the First Enrichment Cultures to Pangenomic Analysis |
title_sort | history of the study of the genus thiothrix: from the first enrichment cultures to pangenomic analysis |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9455678/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36076928 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23179531 |
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