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Effect of Bonding Protocols on the Performance of Luting Agents Applied to CAD–CAM Composites
This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of different bonding strategies on the micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) of luting agents to CAD–CAM composites. Surface scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and spectroscopy by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were performed to analyze the sur...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9457303/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36079385 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15176004 |
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author | Hilgemberg, Bruna de Siqueira, Fabiana Suelen Figuerêdo Cardenas, Andres Felipe Millan Ribeiro, Josiane Loch Dávila-Sánchez, Andrés Sauro, Salvatore Loguercio, Alessandro Dourado Arrais, Cesar Augusto Galvao |
author_facet | Hilgemberg, Bruna de Siqueira, Fabiana Suelen Figuerêdo Cardenas, Andres Felipe Millan Ribeiro, Josiane Loch Dávila-Sánchez, Andrés Sauro, Salvatore Loguercio, Alessandro Dourado Arrais, Cesar Augusto Galvao |
author_sort | Hilgemberg, Bruna |
collection | PubMed |
description | This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of different bonding strategies on the micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) of luting agents to CAD–CAM composites. Surface scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and spectroscopy by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were performed to analyze the surfaces of the composite before and after bonding treatment. Three CAD–CAM composites were evaluated: Lava Ultimate restorative (LU), Brava Blocks (BR), and Vita Enamic (VE). The LU and BR surfaces were sandblasted using aluminum oxide, while the VE surfaces were etched using a 5% hydrofluoric acid gel according to the manufacturers’ recommendations. All surfaces were subjected to the following bonding strategies (n = 15): adhesive with silane and MDP (ScotchBond Universal, 3M Oral Care, St Paul, MI, USA); adhesive with MDP (Ambar Universal, FGM, Joinville, Brazil); adhesive without silane or MDP (Prime&Bond Elect, Dentsply Sirona, Charlotte, NC, USA), pure silane without MDP (Angelus, Londrina, Brazil), and pure silane with MDP (Monobond N, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstei). Afterwards, tygons were filled with RelyX Ultimate (3M Oral Care), AllCem (FGM), or Enforce (Dentsply Sirona), which were light-cured and subjected to the μSBS test. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s post hoc test (α = 0.05). Additional blocks (n = 15) were subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) before and after the surface treatment. The μSBS values on VE surfaces were higher than those observed on LU and BR surfaces (p < 0.001). Silane without MDP (Allcem) promoted the highest μSBS values, while silane with MDP (RelyX Ultimate) provided the highest values among all bonding strategies (p < 0.001). Enforce promoted no significant difference in μSBS values. SEM and EDS analyses detected noticeable changes to the surface morphology and composition after the surface treatment. The effectiveness of the bonding strategy may vary according not only to the CAD–CAM composite but also to resin cement/bonding agent/silane used. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9457303 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94573032022-09-09 Effect of Bonding Protocols on the Performance of Luting Agents Applied to CAD–CAM Composites Hilgemberg, Bruna de Siqueira, Fabiana Suelen Figuerêdo Cardenas, Andres Felipe Millan Ribeiro, Josiane Loch Dávila-Sánchez, Andrés Sauro, Salvatore Loguercio, Alessandro Dourado Arrais, Cesar Augusto Galvao Materials (Basel) Article This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of different bonding strategies on the micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) of luting agents to CAD–CAM composites. Surface scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and spectroscopy by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were performed to analyze the surfaces of the composite before and after bonding treatment. Three CAD–CAM composites were evaluated: Lava Ultimate restorative (LU), Brava Blocks (BR), and Vita Enamic (VE). The LU and BR surfaces were sandblasted using aluminum oxide, while the VE surfaces were etched using a 5% hydrofluoric acid gel according to the manufacturers’ recommendations. All surfaces were subjected to the following bonding strategies (n = 15): adhesive with silane and MDP (ScotchBond Universal, 3M Oral Care, St Paul, MI, USA); adhesive with MDP (Ambar Universal, FGM, Joinville, Brazil); adhesive without silane or MDP (Prime&Bond Elect, Dentsply Sirona, Charlotte, NC, USA), pure silane without MDP (Angelus, Londrina, Brazil), and pure silane with MDP (Monobond N, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstei). Afterwards, tygons were filled with RelyX Ultimate (3M Oral Care), AllCem (FGM), or Enforce (Dentsply Sirona), which were light-cured and subjected to the μSBS test. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s post hoc test (α = 0.05). Additional blocks (n = 15) were subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) before and after the surface treatment. The μSBS values on VE surfaces were higher than those observed on LU and BR surfaces (p < 0.001). Silane without MDP (Allcem) promoted the highest μSBS values, while silane with MDP (RelyX Ultimate) provided the highest values among all bonding strategies (p < 0.001). Enforce promoted no significant difference in μSBS values. SEM and EDS analyses detected noticeable changes to the surface morphology and composition after the surface treatment. The effectiveness of the bonding strategy may vary according not only to the CAD–CAM composite but also to resin cement/bonding agent/silane used. MDPI 2022-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9457303/ /pubmed/36079385 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15176004 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hilgemberg, Bruna de Siqueira, Fabiana Suelen Figuerêdo Cardenas, Andres Felipe Millan Ribeiro, Josiane Loch Dávila-Sánchez, Andrés Sauro, Salvatore Loguercio, Alessandro Dourado Arrais, Cesar Augusto Galvao Effect of Bonding Protocols on the Performance of Luting Agents Applied to CAD–CAM Composites |
title | Effect of Bonding Protocols on the Performance of Luting Agents Applied to CAD–CAM Composites |
title_full | Effect of Bonding Protocols on the Performance of Luting Agents Applied to CAD–CAM Composites |
title_fullStr | Effect of Bonding Protocols on the Performance of Luting Agents Applied to CAD–CAM Composites |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Bonding Protocols on the Performance of Luting Agents Applied to CAD–CAM Composites |
title_short | Effect of Bonding Protocols on the Performance of Luting Agents Applied to CAD–CAM Composites |
title_sort | effect of bonding protocols on the performance of luting agents applied to cad–cam composites |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9457303/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36079385 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15176004 |
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