Dynamic Compressive Mechanical Properties of UR50 Ultra-Early-Strength Cement-Based Concrete Material under High Strain Rate on SHPB Test

UR50 ultra-early-strength cement-based self-compacting high-strength material is a special cement-based material. Compared with traditional high-strength concrete, its ultra-high strength, ultra-high toughness, ultra-impact resistance, and ultra-high durability have received great attention in the field of protection engineering, but the dynamic mechanical properties of impact compression at high strain rates are not well known, and the dynamic compressive properties of materials are the basis for related numerical simulation studies. In order to study its dynamic compressive mechanical properties, three sets of specimens with a size of Φ100 × 50 mm were designed and produced, and a large-diameter split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) with a diameter of 100 mm was used to carry out impact tests at different speeds. The specimens were mainly brittle failures. With the increase in impact speed, the failure mode of the specimens gradually transits from larger fragments to small fragments and a large amount of powder. The experimental results show that the ultra-early-strength cement-based material has a greater impact compression brittleness, and overall rupture occurs at low strain rates. Its dynamic compressive strength increases with the increase of strain rates and has an obvious strain rate strengthening effect. According to the test results, the relationship curve between the dynamic enhancement factor and the strain rate is fitted. As the impact speed increases, the peak stress rises, the energy absorption density increases, and its growth rate accelerates. Afterward, based on the stress–strain curve, the damage variables under different strain rates were fitted, and the results show that the increase of strain rate has a hindering effect on the increase of damage variables and the increase rate.