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Novel Novolac Phenolic Polymeric Network of Chalcones: Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal–Electrical Conductivity Investigation

A series of novolac phenolic polymeric networks (NPPN) were prepared via an acid-catalyzed polycondensation reaction of formaldehyde with chalcones possessing a p-phenolic OH group. When p-hydroxybenzaldehyde was treated with formaldehyde under the same conditions, a phenolic polymer (PP) was obtain...

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Autores principales: Sharshira, Essam Mohamed, Ataalla, Ahmed A., Hagar, Mohamed, Salah, Mohammed, Jaremko, Mariusz, Shehata, Nader
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9458219/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36080176
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27175409
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author Sharshira, Essam Mohamed
Ataalla, Ahmed A.
Hagar, Mohamed
Salah, Mohammed
Jaremko, Mariusz
Shehata, Nader
author_facet Sharshira, Essam Mohamed
Ataalla, Ahmed A.
Hagar, Mohamed
Salah, Mohammed
Jaremko, Mariusz
Shehata, Nader
author_sort Sharshira, Essam Mohamed
collection PubMed
description A series of novolac phenolic polymeric networks (NPPN) were prepared via an acid-catalyzed polycondensation reaction of formaldehyde with chalcones possessing a p-phenolic OH group. When p-hydroxybenzaldehyde was treated with formaldehyde under the same conditions, a phenolic polymer (PP) was obtained. The resulting polymers were isolated in excellent yields (83–98%). Isolated polymers (NPPN, PP) were characterized using FTIR, TGA, and XRD. The results obtained from the TGA revealed that all prepared phenolic polymers have high thermal stability at high temperatures and can act as thermosetting materials. XRD data analysis showed a high degree of amorphousness for all polymers (78.8–89.2%). The electrical conductivities and resistivities of all chalcone-based phenolic networks (NPPN) and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde polymer (PP) were also determined. The physical characteristics obtained from the I-V curve showed that the conductivity of phenolic polymers has a wide range from ultimately negligible values of 0.09 µS/cm up to 2.97 μS/cm. The degree of polarization of the conjugated system’s carbonyl group was attributed to high, low, or even no conductivity for all phenolic polymers since the electronic effects (inductive and mesomeric) could impact the polarization of the carbonyl group and, consequently, change the degree of the charge separation to show varied conductivity values.
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spelling pubmed-94582192022-09-09 Novel Novolac Phenolic Polymeric Network of Chalcones: Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal–Electrical Conductivity Investigation Sharshira, Essam Mohamed Ataalla, Ahmed A. Hagar, Mohamed Salah, Mohammed Jaremko, Mariusz Shehata, Nader Molecules Article A series of novolac phenolic polymeric networks (NPPN) were prepared via an acid-catalyzed polycondensation reaction of formaldehyde with chalcones possessing a p-phenolic OH group. When p-hydroxybenzaldehyde was treated with formaldehyde under the same conditions, a phenolic polymer (PP) was obtained. The resulting polymers were isolated in excellent yields (83–98%). Isolated polymers (NPPN, PP) were characterized using FTIR, TGA, and XRD. The results obtained from the TGA revealed that all prepared phenolic polymers have high thermal stability at high temperatures and can act as thermosetting materials. XRD data analysis showed a high degree of amorphousness for all polymers (78.8–89.2%). The electrical conductivities and resistivities of all chalcone-based phenolic networks (NPPN) and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde polymer (PP) were also determined. The physical characteristics obtained from the I-V curve showed that the conductivity of phenolic polymers has a wide range from ultimately negligible values of 0.09 µS/cm up to 2.97 μS/cm. The degree of polarization of the conjugated system’s carbonyl group was attributed to high, low, or even no conductivity for all phenolic polymers since the electronic effects (inductive and mesomeric) could impact the polarization of the carbonyl group and, consequently, change the degree of the charge separation to show varied conductivity values. MDPI 2022-08-24 /pmc/articles/PMC9458219/ /pubmed/36080176 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27175409 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Sharshira, Essam Mohamed
Ataalla, Ahmed A.
Hagar, Mohamed
Salah, Mohammed
Jaremko, Mariusz
Shehata, Nader
Novel Novolac Phenolic Polymeric Network of Chalcones: Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal–Electrical Conductivity Investigation
title Novel Novolac Phenolic Polymeric Network of Chalcones: Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal–Electrical Conductivity Investigation
title_full Novel Novolac Phenolic Polymeric Network of Chalcones: Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal–Electrical Conductivity Investigation
title_fullStr Novel Novolac Phenolic Polymeric Network of Chalcones: Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal–Electrical Conductivity Investigation
title_full_unstemmed Novel Novolac Phenolic Polymeric Network of Chalcones: Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal–Electrical Conductivity Investigation
title_short Novel Novolac Phenolic Polymeric Network of Chalcones: Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal–Electrical Conductivity Investigation
title_sort novel novolac phenolic polymeric network of chalcones: synthesis, characterization, and thermal–electrical conductivity investigation
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9458219/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36080176
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27175409
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