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Soil Enzyme Activity Behavior after Urea Nitrogen Application

Understanding how fertilizer application (particularly N, the most used chemical fertilizer worldwide) interacts with soil microbes is important for the development of best management practices that target improved microbial activity to enhance sustainable food production. This study was conducted t...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Davies, Benjamin, Coulter, Jeffrey A., Pagliari, Paulo H.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9460541/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36079628
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11172247
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author Davies, Benjamin
Coulter, Jeffrey A.
Pagliari, Paulo H.
author_facet Davies, Benjamin
Coulter, Jeffrey A.
Pagliari, Paulo H.
author_sort Davies, Benjamin
collection PubMed
description Understanding how fertilizer application (particularly N, the most used chemical fertilizer worldwide) interacts with soil microbes is important for the development of best management practices that target improved microbial activity to enhance sustainable food production. This study was conducted to determine whether urea N rate and time of application to maize (Zea mays) influenced soil enzyme activity. Enzyme activity was determined by monitoring fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis, ß-glucosidase, acid-phosphomonoesterase, and arylsulfatase activities. Experiments were conducted from 2014 through 2016 to compare single (fall or spring applications) and split applications of N at varying N rates under irrigation (Becker) and rainfed conditions (Lamberton and Waseca) in MN, USA. Nitrogen rates varied by location and were based on University of Minnesota guidelines. Soil samples were collected seven times each season. Nitrogen application split into two applications increased FDA activity by 10% compared with fall and spring applied N at Waseca. Fall or spring N application decreased arylsulfatase activity by 19% at Becker and by between 13% and 16% at Lamberton. ß-Glucosidase and acid-phosphomonoesterase activities were unaffected by N application. Sampling time and year had the greatest impact on enzyme activity, but the results varied by location. A negative linear relationship occurred between FDA and ß-glucosidase activity at all three sites. In summary, urea N application had small effects on enzyme activity at the sites studied, suggesting that some form of organic N could be more important than the ammonium provided by urea.
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spelling pubmed-94605412022-09-10 Soil Enzyme Activity Behavior after Urea Nitrogen Application Davies, Benjamin Coulter, Jeffrey A. Pagliari, Paulo H. Plants (Basel) Article Understanding how fertilizer application (particularly N, the most used chemical fertilizer worldwide) interacts with soil microbes is important for the development of best management practices that target improved microbial activity to enhance sustainable food production. This study was conducted to determine whether urea N rate and time of application to maize (Zea mays) influenced soil enzyme activity. Enzyme activity was determined by monitoring fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis, ß-glucosidase, acid-phosphomonoesterase, and arylsulfatase activities. Experiments were conducted from 2014 through 2016 to compare single (fall or spring applications) and split applications of N at varying N rates under irrigation (Becker) and rainfed conditions (Lamberton and Waseca) in MN, USA. Nitrogen rates varied by location and were based on University of Minnesota guidelines. Soil samples were collected seven times each season. Nitrogen application split into two applications increased FDA activity by 10% compared with fall and spring applied N at Waseca. Fall or spring N application decreased arylsulfatase activity by 19% at Becker and by between 13% and 16% at Lamberton. ß-Glucosidase and acid-phosphomonoesterase activities were unaffected by N application. Sampling time and year had the greatest impact on enzyme activity, but the results varied by location. A negative linear relationship occurred between FDA and ß-glucosidase activity at all three sites. In summary, urea N application had small effects on enzyme activity at the sites studied, suggesting that some form of organic N could be more important than the ammonium provided by urea. MDPI 2022-08-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9460541/ /pubmed/36079628 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11172247 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Davies, Benjamin
Coulter, Jeffrey A.
Pagliari, Paulo H.
Soil Enzyme Activity Behavior after Urea Nitrogen Application
title Soil Enzyme Activity Behavior after Urea Nitrogen Application
title_full Soil Enzyme Activity Behavior after Urea Nitrogen Application
title_fullStr Soil Enzyme Activity Behavior after Urea Nitrogen Application
title_full_unstemmed Soil Enzyme Activity Behavior after Urea Nitrogen Application
title_short Soil Enzyme Activity Behavior after Urea Nitrogen Application
title_sort soil enzyme activity behavior after urea nitrogen application
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9460541/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36079628
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11172247
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