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Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine booster in the general population and in subjects with comorbidities. A population-based study in Spain

BACKGROUND: Research on the effectiveness of COVID-19 booster-based vaccine schedule is ongoing and real-world data on vaccine effectiveness (VE) in comorbid patients are limited. We aimed to estimate booster dose VE against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity in the general population and in...

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Autores principales: Mallah, Narmeen, Pardo-Seco, Jacobo, López-Pérez, Luis-Ricardo, González-Pérez, Juan-Manuel, Rosón, Benigno, Otero-Barrós, María-Teresa, Durán-Parrondo, Carmen, Nartallo-Penas, Victoria, Mirás-Carballal, Susana, Rodríguez-Tenreiro, Carmen, Rivero-Calle, Irene, Gómez-Carballa, Alberto, Salas, Antonio, Martinón-Torres, Federico
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9462926/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36096168
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114252
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author Mallah, Narmeen
Pardo-Seco, Jacobo
López-Pérez, Luis-Ricardo
González-Pérez, Juan-Manuel
Rosón, Benigno
Otero-Barrós, María-Teresa
Durán-Parrondo, Carmen
Nartallo-Penas, Victoria
Mirás-Carballal, Susana
Rodríguez-Tenreiro, Carmen
Rivero-Calle, Irene
Gómez-Carballa, Alberto
Salas, Antonio
Martinón-Torres, Federico
author_facet Mallah, Narmeen
Pardo-Seco, Jacobo
López-Pérez, Luis-Ricardo
González-Pérez, Juan-Manuel
Rosón, Benigno
Otero-Barrós, María-Teresa
Durán-Parrondo, Carmen
Nartallo-Penas, Victoria
Mirás-Carballal, Susana
Rodríguez-Tenreiro, Carmen
Rivero-Calle, Irene
Gómez-Carballa, Alberto
Salas, Antonio
Martinón-Torres, Federico
author_sort Mallah, Narmeen
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Research on the effectiveness of COVID-19 booster-based vaccine schedule is ongoing and real-world data on vaccine effectiveness (VE) in comorbid patients are limited. We aimed to estimate booster dose VE against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity in the general population and in comorbid patients. METHOD: A retrospective test-negative control study was undertaken in Galicia-Spain (December 2020–November 2021). VE and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using multivariate logistic regression models. RESULTS: 1,512,415 (94.13%) negative and 94,334 (5.87%) positive SARS-CoV-2 test results were included. A booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine is associated with substantially higher protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection than vaccination without a booster [VE(boosted) = 87% (95%CI: 83%; 89%); VE(non-boosted) = 66% (95%CI: 65%; 67%)]. The high VE was observed in all ages, but was more pronounced in subjects older than 65 years. VE against COVID-19 severity was analyzed in a mixed population of boosted and non-boosted individuals and considerable protection was obtained [VE: hospitalization = 72% (95%CI: 68%; 75%); intensive care unit administration = 83% (95%CI: 78%; 88%), in-hospital mortality = 66% (95%CI: 53%; 75%)]. Boosted comorbid patients are more protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection than those who were non-boosted. This was observed in a wide range of major diseases including cancer (81% versus 54%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (84% versus 61%), diabetes (84% versus 65%), hypertension (82% versus 65%) and obesity (91% versus 67%), among others. CONCLUSIONS: A booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine increases the protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity in the general population and in comorbid patients.
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spelling pubmed-94629262022-09-10 Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine booster in the general population and in subjects with comorbidities. A population-based study in Spain Mallah, Narmeen Pardo-Seco, Jacobo López-Pérez, Luis-Ricardo González-Pérez, Juan-Manuel Rosón, Benigno Otero-Barrós, María-Teresa Durán-Parrondo, Carmen Nartallo-Penas, Victoria Mirás-Carballal, Susana Rodríguez-Tenreiro, Carmen Rivero-Calle, Irene Gómez-Carballa, Alberto Salas, Antonio Martinón-Torres, Federico Environ Res Article BACKGROUND: Research on the effectiveness of COVID-19 booster-based vaccine schedule is ongoing and real-world data on vaccine effectiveness (VE) in comorbid patients are limited. We aimed to estimate booster dose VE against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity in the general population and in comorbid patients. METHOD: A retrospective test-negative control study was undertaken in Galicia-Spain (December 2020–November 2021). VE and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using multivariate logistic regression models. RESULTS: 1,512,415 (94.13%) negative and 94,334 (5.87%) positive SARS-CoV-2 test results were included. A booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine is associated with substantially higher protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection than vaccination without a booster [VE(boosted) = 87% (95%CI: 83%; 89%); VE(non-boosted) = 66% (95%CI: 65%; 67%)]. The high VE was observed in all ages, but was more pronounced in subjects older than 65 years. VE against COVID-19 severity was analyzed in a mixed population of boosted and non-boosted individuals and considerable protection was obtained [VE: hospitalization = 72% (95%CI: 68%; 75%); intensive care unit administration = 83% (95%CI: 78%; 88%), in-hospital mortality = 66% (95%CI: 53%; 75%)]. Boosted comorbid patients are more protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection than those who were non-boosted. This was observed in a wide range of major diseases including cancer (81% versus 54%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (84% versus 61%), diabetes (84% versus 65%), hypertension (82% versus 65%) and obesity (91% versus 67%), among others. CONCLUSIONS: A booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine increases the protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity in the general population and in comorbid patients. The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. 2022-12 2022-09-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9462926/ /pubmed/36096168 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114252 Text en © 2022 The Authors Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Mallah, Narmeen
Pardo-Seco, Jacobo
López-Pérez, Luis-Ricardo
González-Pérez, Juan-Manuel
Rosón, Benigno
Otero-Barrós, María-Teresa
Durán-Parrondo, Carmen
Nartallo-Penas, Victoria
Mirás-Carballal, Susana
Rodríguez-Tenreiro, Carmen
Rivero-Calle, Irene
Gómez-Carballa, Alberto
Salas, Antonio
Martinón-Torres, Federico
Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine booster in the general population and in subjects with comorbidities. A population-based study in Spain
title Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine booster in the general population and in subjects with comorbidities. A population-based study in Spain
title_full Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine booster in the general population and in subjects with comorbidities. A population-based study in Spain
title_fullStr Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine booster in the general population and in subjects with comorbidities. A population-based study in Spain
title_full_unstemmed Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine booster in the general population and in subjects with comorbidities. A population-based study in Spain
title_short Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine booster in the general population and in subjects with comorbidities. A population-based study in Spain
title_sort effectiveness of covid-19 vaccine booster in the general population and in subjects with comorbidities. a population-based study in spain
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9462926/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36096168
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114252
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