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A modified standard American diet induces physiological parameters associated with metabolic syndrome in C57BL/6J mice
Investigations into the causative role that western dietary patterns have on obesity and disease pathogenesis have speculated that quality and quantity of dietary fats and/or carbohydrates have a predictive role in the development of these disorders. Standard reference diets such as the AIN-93 roden...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9464921/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36105576 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.929446 |
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author | Chehade, Sophie B. Green, George B. H. Graham, Christopher D. Chakraborti, Ayanabha Vashai, Bijal Moon, Amber Williams, Michael B. Vickers, Benjamin Berryhill, Taylor Van Der Pol, William Wilson, Landon Powell, Mickie L. Smith, Daniel L. Barnes, Stephen Morrow, Casey Mukhtar, M. Shahid Kennedy, Gregory D. Bibb, James A. Watts, Stephen A. |
author_facet | Chehade, Sophie B. Green, George B. H. Graham, Christopher D. Chakraborti, Ayanabha Vashai, Bijal Moon, Amber Williams, Michael B. Vickers, Benjamin Berryhill, Taylor Van Der Pol, William Wilson, Landon Powell, Mickie L. Smith, Daniel L. Barnes, Stephen Morrow, Casey Mukhtar, M. Shahid Kennedy, Gregory D. Bibb, James A. Watts, Stephen A. |
author_sort | Chehade, Sophie B. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Investigations into the causative role that western dietary patterns have on obesity and disease pathogenesis have speculated that quality and quantity of dietary fats and/or carbohydrates have a predictive role in the development of these disorders. Standard reference diets such as the AIN-93 rodent diet have historically been used to promote animal health and reduce variation of results across experiments, rather than model modern human dietary habits or nutrition-related pathologies. In rodents high-fat diets (HFDs) became a classic tool to investigate diet-induced obesity (DIO). These murine diets often relied on a single fat source with the most DIO consistent HFDs containing levels of fat up to 45-60% (kcal), higher than the reported human intake of 33–35% (kcal). More recently, researchers are formulating experimental animal (pre-clinical) diets that reflect mean human macro- and micronutrient consumption levels described by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). These diets attempt to integrate relevant ingredient sources and levels of nutrients; however, they most often fail to include high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) as a source of dietary carbohydrate. We have formulated a modified Standard American Diet (mSAD) that incorporates relevant levels and sources of nutrient classes, including dietary HFCS, to assess the basal physiologies associated with mSAD consumption. Mice proffered the mSAD for 15 weeks displayed a phenotype consistent with metabolic syndrome, exhibiting increased adiposity, fasting hyperglycemia with impaired glucose and insulin tolerance. Metabolic alterations were evidenced at the tissue level as crown-like structures (CLS) in adipose tissue and fatty acid deposition in the liver, and targeted 16S rRNA metagenomics revealed microbial compositional shifts between dietary groups. This study suggests diet quality significantly affects metabolic homeostasis, emphasizing the importance of developing relevant pre-clinical diets to investigate chronic diseases highly impacted by western dietary consumption patterns. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9464921 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94649212022-09-13 A modified standard American diet induces physiological parameters associated with metabolic syndrome in C57BL/6J mice Chehade, Sophie B. Green, George B. H. Graham, Christopher D. Chakraborti, Ayanabha Vashai, Bijal Moon, Amber Williams, Michael B. Vickers, Benjamin Berryhill, Taylor Van Der Pol, William Wilson, Landon Powell, Mickie L. Smith, Daniel L. Barnes, Stephen Morrow, Casey Mukhtar, M. Shahid Kennedy, Gregory D. Bibb, James A. Watts, Stephen A. Front Nutr Nutrition Investigations into the causative role that western dietary patterns have on obesity and disease pathogenesis have speculated that quality and quantity of dietary fats and/or carbohydrates have a predictive role in the development of these disorders. Standard reference diets such as the AIN-93 rodent diet have historically been used to promote animal health and reduce variation of results across experiments, rather than model modern human dietary habits or nutrition-related pathologies. In rodents high-fat diets (HFDs) became a classic tool to investigate diet-induced obesity (DIO). These murine diets often relied on a single fat source with the most DIO consistent HFDs containing levels of fat up to 45-60% (kcal), higher than the reported human intake of 33–35% (kcal). More recently, researchers are formulating experimental animal (pre-clinical) diets that reflect mean human macro- and micronutrient consumption levels described by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). These diets attempt to integrate relevant ingredient sources and levels of nutrients; however, they most often fail to include high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) as a source of dietary carbohydrate. We have formulated a modified Standard American Diet (mSAD) that incorporates relevant levels and sources of nutrient classes, including dietary HFCS, to assess the basal physiologies associated with mSAD consumption. Mice proffered the mSAD for 15 weeks displayed a phenotype consistent with metabolic syndrome, exhibiting increased adiposity, fasting hyperglycemia with impaired glucose and insulin tolerance. Metabolic alterations were evidenced at the tissue level as crown-like structures (CLS) in adipose tissue and fatty acid deposition in the liver, and targeted 16S rRNA metagenomics revealed microbial compositional shifts between dietary groups. This study suggests diet quality significantly affects metabolic homeostasis, emphasizing the importance of developing relevant pre-clinical diets to investigate chronic diseases highly impacted by western dietary consumption patterns. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-08-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9464921/ /pubmed/36105576 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.929446 Text en Copyright © 2022 Chehade, Green, Graham, Chakraborti, Vashai, Moon, Williams, Vickers, Berryhill, Van Der Pol, Wilson, Powell, Smith, Barnes, Morrow, Mukhtar, Kennedy, Bibb and Watts. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Nutrition Chehade, Sophie B. Green, George B. H. Graham, Christopher D. Chakraborti, Ayanabha Vashai, Bijal Moon, Amber Williams, Michael B. Vickers, Benjamin Berryhill, Taylor Van Der Pol, William Wilson, Landon Powell, Mickie L. Smith, Daniel L. Barnes, Stephen Morrow, Casey Mukhtar, M. Shahid Kennedy, Gregory D. Bibb, James A. Watts, Stephen A. A modified standard American diet induces physiological parameters associated with metabolic syndrome in C57BL/6J mice |
title | A modified standard American diet induces physiological parameters associated with metabolic syndrome in C57BL/6J mice |
title_full | A modified standard American diet induces physiological parameters associated with metabolic syndrome in C57BL/6J mice |
title_fullStr | A modified standard American diet induces physiological parameters associated with metabolic syndrome in C57BL/6J mice |
title_full_unstemmed | A modified standard American diet induces physiological parameters associated with metabolic syndrome in C57BL/6J mice |
title_short | A modified standard American diet induces physiological parameters associated with metabolic syndrome in C57BL/6J mice |
title_sort | modified standard american diet induces physiological parameters associated with metabolic syndrome in c57bl/6j mice |
topic | Nutrition |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9464921/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36105576 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.929446 |
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