Antibacterial Efficacy of Hubballi Propolis against Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans One of the Major Causative Organisms of Perimplantitis: An In vitro Study

BACKGROUND: Peri-implantitis can be attributed to many underlying causes, one of the chief ones being due to infection caused by oral micro flora and particularly Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Antibiotics are administered along with mechanical debridement to control the infection. The side effect of conventional antibiotic therapy and drug resistance has led to the necessity for alternate approaches to handle infections. Natural products are being investigated because of their multi-target activity and structurally different from the normal antibiotics. Propolis a product by Apis Mellifera bees as a wound healing and bone regenerating effect along with antimicrobial effect. One of the important features of Propolis is the chemical properties of Propolis changes with the different locations of procurement. Antimicrobial activity of Hubballi propolis against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is not been reported in the literature. AIM: The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of the Hubballi Propolis against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. METHODS: The two solvents used for the study were water and 70% Aq ethanol. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), total phenolic contents (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) were tested. RESULTS: Hubballi Propolis sample showed antimicrobial effect against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans with MIC range from 0.1 mg/ml to 0.25 mg/ml. CONCLUSION: Hubballi Propolis is effective against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans infection thus may help in treating peri-implantitis. Propolis extracted with water as solvent showed better MIC, higher TPC and TFC than the propolis extracted using alcohol as solvent. This feature is noteworthy as the formulations produced using water extract is favorable than alcohol extract of propolis which irritates the mucosa and hence difficult for its application in dentistry.