Fundus Changes in High Myopia in Relation to Axial Length of the Globe

PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to correlate between axial length of the eyeball and fundus changes and to know its importance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was an observational study conducted for a duration of 1 year in patients with myopia more than 1 D and axial length more than 24 mm. A total of 100 eyes were included in the study and all underwent thorough fundus examination. The findings were documented using retinal maps and fundus camera photography. Data were analyzed for statistical significance using Chi-square or categorical data. RESULTS: The study showed five posterior fundus changes and three peripheral fundus changes to be frequently associated with axial myopia. The five posterior fundus changes were optic disc crescents, Fuchs spot, lacquer cracks, posterior staphyloma, and chorioretinal atrophy. The three peripheral fundus changes were the area of white without pressure, lattice, and retinal breaks. Four of these lesions, i.e., crescents, posterior staphyloma, chorioretinal atrophy, and white without pressure, were found to be very highly significant with increasing axial length. CONCLUSION: Our study confirmed that there was a statistical significance in fundus changes with relation to axial length.