A Clinical Study to Assess the Severity of Periodontal Disease in Relation to Glycemic Status of Type II Diabetic Individuals

BACKGROUND: The study is done to find out the association between the glycemic status of Type II diabetic patients and the severity of periodontal disease (PD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study groups included a total of 90 Type II diabetic individuals and were divided as Group I with well-controlled diabetics and Group II with poorly controlled diabetics based on glycosylated hemoglobin levels. The periodontal parameters of all patients, namely probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing oral hygiene index-debris index score, were assessed. The collected data were subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS: The periodontal parameters of all patients with poor glycemic control were significantly higher than well-controlled group. There was a significant difference between all clinical parameters between groups with P < 0.001 indicating severe PD in poor glycemic status group. CONCLUSION: The severity of PD is related to glycemic status. The poorly controlled diabetic patients had severe periodontitis than well-controlled diabetic patients. Local factors such as dental plaque seem to have a major influence in disease progression.